1 - brake disc; 2 - front brake caliper; 3 - vacuum amplifier; 4 - the main cylinder of the hydraulic drive of the brakes; 5 – the pipeline of a contour of a drive of forward brakes; 6– protective cover of the front brake; 7 - vacuum pipeline; 8 – a tank of the main cylinder; 9 – the button of the lever of a drive of a parking brake; 10 – parking brake drive lever; 11 – the pipeline of a contour of a drive of back brakes; 12 - rear brake pressure regulator; 13 – pressure regulator drive lever; 14 – the lever of a manual drive of pads; 15 - rear brake wheel cylinder; 16 - rear brake pads; 17 - rear cable; 18 - adjusting nut with locknut; 19 - rear cable equalizer; 20 - guide roller; 21 - front cable; 22 – an emphasis of the switch of a control lamp of a parking brake; 23 - stoplight switch; 24 - brake pedal.
Design Description
The car is equipped with two brake systems - working and parking. The working one has a hydraulic drive and provides braking of the car while driving, the second one, as a rule, is used while parking and has a mechanical drive.
The service brake system consists of two separate front and rear brake drive circuits. If one of the circuits fails, the second one allows, albeit with less efficiency, to slow down the car. Both circuits work independently of each other.
The working system includes a pedal assembly, a master brake cylinder with a reservoir and a vacuum booster, a rear brake pressure regulator, brake mechanisms of the front and rear wheels with working cylinders and pipelines.
The brake mechanisms of the front wheels are disc. The main elements of each of the mechanisms are a brake disc, a caliper with two working cylinders and two brake pads.
Rear wheel brakes - drum with two-piston wheel cylinders and automatic adjustment of the gap between the pads and the drum. The main element of the automatic adjustment mechanism is steel spring split rings. They are inserted with an interference fit, providing a shear force along the cylinder surface of at least 35 kgf, which exceeds the force of the brake shoe coupling springs. When the brake linings are worn, the thrust rings are shifted by the amount of wear. In the event of damage to the cylinder mirror, the rings may «turn sour» and the pistons will lose their mobility. In this case, the cylinders are replaced.
The main brake cylinder is two-cavity, has two pistons, is attached to the body of the vacuum booster on two studs. The cavities of the master cylinder are connected by hoses to the supply tank. The brake fluid level sensor is installed in the reservoir cap.
A pressure regulator is connected in series to the hydraulic drive of the rear wheel brakes, which reduces the pressure in the hydraulic drive when the load on the rear axle decreases. This prevents the rear wheels from locking up and the rear axle of the vehicle from skidding.
The drive of the parking brake system is mechanical, cable, on the brake mechanisms of the rear wheels. It consists of a lever, a front cable, an equalizer, a rear cable, and a manual shoe drive lever. The parking brake system must hold the vehicle on a 25% slope.