Straighten out the dented areas of the plumage manually using a straightening tool (metal, plastic, wooden hammers and various mandrels) and devices.
Use heat straightening for settling (tightening) highly stretched panel surfaces. To prevent sudden swelling and deterioration of mechanical properties, the panels are heated to 600-650°C (to cherry red color). The diameter of the heated spot should be no more than 20-30 mm. To tighten the surface with a gas burner from the periphery to the center of the defective area, heat the metal and with blows of a wooden mallet and hammer, settle the heated areas using a flat support or anvil. Repeat the heating and settling operations until a smooth surface is obtained.
Unevenness on panels can be leveled using polyester fillers, thermoplastic, cold-curing epoxy mastics and solder. Polyester fillers form reliable connections with panels cleaned to the metal. They are two-component materials: unsaturated polyester resin and a hardener, which is a catalyst for rapid hardening of the mixture, regardless of the thickness of the filler layer. Drying time at a temperature of 20°C is 15-20 minutes. There is no need to apply it in several layers, which reduces the time it takes to apply the filler.
Thermoplastic is produced in powder form. It acquires the elastic properties required for its application to the metal surface of the panel at 150-160°C. The surface to be filled must be thoroughly cleaned of rust, scale, old paint and other contaminants. For better adhesion, it is recommended to create roughness on the metal surface using an abrasive tool. To apply thermoplastic, heat the area to be leveled to 170-180°C and apply the first thin layer of powder, which is rolled with a metal roller, then apply the second layer, etc. until the unevenness is filled. Roll each layer until a monolithic layer of plastic mass is obtained. After hardening, clean and level the layer with a grinding machine.
Corroded areas of body panels can be repaired with cold-curing epoxy mastics, which have high adhesion, sufficient strength and are easy to apply to damaged areas.
Solders POSSu-18, POSSu-20 are used to level areas, build up edges of parts and eliminate gaps. To prevent metal corrosion, use an acid-free method of applying solder.