The structure of the rear axle of the VAZ-2106 and VAZ-2103 (VAZ-2106)

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The torque from the cardan transmission is transmitted to the vehicle's drive wheels via the main transmission, differential and axle shafts. These mechanisms are installed in the vehicle's rear axle, which consists of two basic parts: beam 13 and housing 24 of the rear axle gearbox.

The beam 13 of the rear axle consists of two stamped casings welded with longitudinal seams. Two steel flanges 10 are welded to the ends of the casings, in which seats for bearings 8 and oil seals 11 of the axle shafts are machined. At the end, holes are made in the flanges for bolts for fastening shields 40 of the wheel brake mechanisms. The same bolts with nuts fasten the oil deflector 3 and the plate 39, which holds the axle shaft bearing in the flange seat. The axle shaft bearing fastening plate and the oil deflector are connected to each other with screws through a sealing gasket. At the ends of the rear axle beam, support cups of the rear suspension springs and brackets for fastening the rods and shock absorbers of the suspension are welded. In the middle part, the beam is widened and has a through opening, to the rear side of which a stamped cover with an oil filler located in it is welded (simultaneously and control) hole closed with a plug. The housing 24 of the rear axle gearbox is bolted to the front machined end of the opening. A breather 19 with a spring-loaded valve is screwed into the beam from above. The beam cavity communicates with the atmosphere through the breather, which eliminates the increase in pressure in the beam cavity and the ingress of water and dirt into the rear axle when overcoming water obstacles. Guides 15 of the axle shafts are welded inside the beam, facilitating the installation of the axle shafts when assembling the rear axle. In the lower part of the beam there is a hole for draining oil. It is closed with a plug with a magnet.


The main transmission consists of a pair of bevel gears 33 and 21, the gear ratio of which is 4.1 (the number of teeth on gear 21 is 41, and on gear 33 - 10). The gears have a hypoid engagement, in which the axis of the leading gear 33 is offset relative to the axis of gear 21, i.e. their axes do not intersect, but cross. Such gears have a complex tooth shape, which ensures the simultaneous and smooth engagement of several teeth. This reduces the load on each tooth, increases the service life of the main gear and allows for the transmission of greater torque. However, such a transmission requires special oil (TAD-17i) with anti-seize additives.

Gear 33 is mounted on two tapered roller bearings 27, between the inner rings of which a spacer sleeve 26 is located. Between the inner bearing and the end of the gear, an adjusting ring 25 is installed, the thickness of which is within the range from 2.55 to 3.35 mm every 0.05 mm. Seventeen sizes of the adjusting ring allow for high-precision adjustment of the relative position of the driving and driven gears, ensuring correct engagement of their teeth. Flange 30 is put on the splined end of gear 33 and secured with self-locking nut 31. The working edge of seal 28 is pressed against the cylindrical surface of the flange. It is protected from damage by mud deflector 29. Oil deflector 32 is clamped between gear bearing and flange. In order to limit axial movement of drive gear under working loads and to ensure silent and long-lasting operation of main gear, preload is set in bearings 27 of gear. It is adjusted by tightening nut 31 to a certain deformation of spacer sleeve 26.

Preload is determined by the moment of resistance to gear rotation.

The article is copied from the website: www.VazBook.ru

Gear 21 is made in the form of a toothed rim, which is attached to the differential box flange with bolts. Together with the differential box, the gear rotates in two tapered roller bearings 17. They are installed in split sockets of the crankcase 24, which have detachable covers 18. The preliminary tension in the differential bearings, as well as the lateral clearance in the engagement of the main gear gears, is adjusted by nuts 16. The position of the nut is fixed by plate 44, which is attached to the cover 18 of the bearing.

The differential is a bevel two-satellite one. It consists of two satellites located on a common axis 34, two half-axle gears 23 and a differential box. The axis is located in the holes of the differential box and is held from falling out by gear 21, which covers the hole in the box. The hemispherical surface of the satellites rests on the hemisphere of the differential box. The satellites are in constant engagement with half-axle gears 23, the cylindrical belts of which enter the holes of the differential box and serve as their supports. Support washers 35 are installed between the ends of the half-axle gears and the differential box.

The axle shaft is made integral with the flange to which 1 brake drum and the rear wheel disc are bolted.

The inner end of the axle shaft is connected by splines to the axle gear 23, which is a support for the inner end of the axle shaft. On the outside, the axle shaft rests on a ball bearing 8, which is clamped on the axle shaft between its flange and the locking ring 9. The ring is pressed onto the axle shaft in a state heated to 300°C. The axle shaft bearing is sealed on the inside by a seal 11, and on the outside by a rubber ring clamped between the shield and the flange of the rear axle beam.

The bearing is secured in the rear axle beam socket by plate 39, which together with oil deflector 3 and brake shield 40 is secured to the rear axle beam end. In order to reduce the likelihood of oil getting to the rear wheel brake mechanism if seal 11 is damaged, grooves are made on the axle shaft, and oil deflector 3 is installed. To access the nuts of the bolts securing oil deflector 3, shield 40 and plate 39, there are two holes in the axle shaft for passing a socket wrench.