The suspension strut consists of a housing in which a hydraulic telescopic shock absorber is installed, a coil spring and an upper support. Outside, a bracket for attaching the steering knuckle, a swing arm and a lower spring support cup are welded to the strut body.
Front suspension: 1 - stretching bracket; 2 - longitudinal stretching; 3 - telescopic stand; 4 - transverse arm bracket; 5 - stabilizer bar; 6 - rotary fist; 7 - ball bearing; 8 - transverse lever; 9 - bracket for attaching the stabilizer bar; 10 - stabilizer bar
The coil spring rests with its lower coil on the lower support cup, and with its upper coil on the upper support cup fixed on the shock absorber rod. Also on the shock absorber rod is installed the upper support of the rack, consisting of a housing, a rubber cushion and a bearing. The support body is attached to the car body with three studs and nuts. The bearing allows the shock absorber rod to rotate in the support when the strut is turned, and the rubber buffer prevents the transmission of vibrations to the car body.
The shock absorber rod is protected from dirt and dust by a corrugated casing. In the event of a breakdown of the suspension, the stroke of the rod is limited by the compression stroke buffer.
The strut pivot arm is connected to the tie rod via a ball pin. Changing the length of the rod with its coupling allows you to adjust the convergence of the front wheels.
Tie Rod Coupling: 1 - tie rod; 2 - locknut; 3 - coupling; 4 - tie rod end
The steering knuckle is attached to the strut bracket with two bolts and nuts. The upper hole of the bracket is oval, and the bolt installed in it has an eccentric belt and an eccentric washer. When this bolt is rotated, the steering knuckle is displaced relative to the rack, turning on the lower mounting bolt, as on an axle. This changes the angle between the strut and knuckle, which, in turn, allows you to adjust the camber of the front wheel.
Mounting the steering knuckle to the rack: 1 - bracket for mounting the steering knuckle; 2 - rack body; 3 - bolt (eccentric) top mounting of the steering knuckle; 4 - a bolt of the lower fastening of a rotary fist; 5 - steering knuckle
A double-row ball bearing is pressed into the hole of the steering knuckle and fixed with two circlips. The wheel hub is pressed into the inner ring of the bearing.
From below, the steering knuckle is connected to the transverse suspension arm by means of a ball joint. The transverse lever is kept from moving by an extension, which, with its rear end, is attached through a rubber-metal hinge to the lever, and with its front end, through a pillow, to a bracket mounted on the car body. By changing the number of washers in the front and rear mounts of the brace, you can change the position of the lever, thereby adjusting the angle of the longitudinal inclination of the axis of rotation of the wheel.
Longitudinal brace attachment to transverse arm: 1 - rear end of the longitudinal extension; 2 - adjusting washers; 3 - thrust washer; 4 - rubber-metal hinge; 5 - transverse suspension arm
The ends of the anti-roll bar, with the help of racks, are connected to the wishbones of the front suspension of the car. The central part of the stabilizer is fixed through the rubber cushions on the body with brackets. The movement of one of the levers through the stabilizer is transmitted to the second. This allows you to partially synchronize the work of both sides of the suspension and thereby reduce the swaying of the car on rough roads and rolls in corners.
After repairing any suspension or steering components, be sure to check the alignment of the front wheels. It is possible to qualitatively check and adjust the angles of the front wheels only in the conditions of a service company that has a special stand for performing adjustment work.