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Scheme of the electrical equipment of the VAZ-2103 car.
1. Sound signals; 2. Headlights; 3. Front lights; 4. Side direction indicators; 5. Rechargeable battery; 6. Relay of a control lamp of a charge of the rechargeable battery; 7. Carburetor solenoid valve; 8. Generator; 9. Engine compartment lamp; 10. Starter; 11. Spark plugs; 12. The electric motor of the fan of the engine cooling system; 13. The sensor of inclusion of the electric motor; 14. Ignition distributor; 15. Oil pressure indicator sensor; 16. Sensor control lamp oil pressure; 17. Brake fluid level sensor; 18. Voltage regulator; 19. Fan motor fuse; 20. Coolant temperature indicator sensor, 21. Wiper motor; 22. Ignition coil; 23. Windshield washer motor; 24. The relay of inclusion of sound signals; 25. Relay for switching on the high beam; 26. Relay for turning on the fan motor; 27. Block for the wiper switch in the washer foot pump (installed before 1980.); 28. Wiper relay; 29. Socket for portable lamp; 30. Stoplight switch; 31. Fuse block; 32. Reversing light switch; 33. Relay-interrupter of direction indicators; 34. Additional heater motor resistor; 35. Heater motor; 36. Clock; 37. Glove box lighting lamp; 38. Cigarette lighter; 39. Windshield wiper and washer switch; 40. Windshield wiper and washer switch; 41. Headlight switch. direction indicators and sound signals; 42. Ignition switch; 43. Instrument lighting switch; 44. Outdoor lighting switch; 45. The switch of a lantern of the alarm system of an open forward door; 46. Lantern signaling the open front door; 47. Light switches located in the front door pillars; 48. Light switches located in the rear door pillars; 49. Plafonds interior lighting; 50. Instrument lighting lamp; 51. Fuel level indicator with a reserve control lamp; 52. Coolant temperature gauge; 53. Oil pressure gauge with low pressure warning lamp; 54. Parking brake warning lamp; 55. Battery warning lamp; 56. Carburetor air damper control lamp; 57. Tachometer; 58. Control lamp side light; 59. Indicator lamp for direction indicators; 60. Control lamp high beam headlights; 61. Speedometer; 62. Carburetor air damper control lamp switch; 63. Relay-breaker of the parking brake warning lamp; 64. Parking brake indicator switch; 65. Rear lights; 66. Sensor level indicator and fuel reserve; 67. License plate light; 68 Trunk lamp; 69. Lantern reversing light. A Conditional numbering of plugs in the blocks of the electric motor and the wiper relay.
1. Sound signals; 2. Headlights; 3. Front lights; 4. Side direction indicators; 5. Rechargeable battery; 6. Relay of a control lamp of a charge of the rechargeable battery; 7. Carburetor solenoid valve; 8. Generator; 9. Engine compartment lamp; 10. Starter; 11. Spark plugs; 12. The electric motor of the fan of the engine cooling system; 13. The sensor of inclusion of the electric motor; 14. Ignition distributor; 15. Oil pressure indicator sensor; 16. Sensor control lamp oil pressure; 17. Brake fluid level sensor; 18. Voltage regulator; 19. Fan motor fuse; 20. Coolant temperature indicator sensor, 21. Wiper motor; 22. Ignition coil; 23. Windshield washer motor; 24. The relay of inclusion of sound signals; 25. Relay for switching on the high beam; 26. Relay for turning on the fan motor; 27. Block for the wiper switch in the washer foot pump (installed before 1980.); 28. Wiper relay; 29. Socket for portable lamp; 30. Stoplight switch; 31. Fuse block; 32. Reversing light switch; 33. Relay-interrupter of direction indicators; 34. Additional heater motor resistor; 35. Heater motor; 36. Clock; 37. Glove box lighting lamp; 38. Cigarette lighter; 39. Windshield wiper and washer switch; 40. Windshield wiper and washer switch; 41. Headlight switch. direction indicators and sound signals; 42. Ignition switch; 43. Instrument lighting switch; 44. Outdoor lighting switch; 45. The switch of a lantern of the alarm system of an open forward door; 46. Lantern signaling the open front door; 47. Light switches located in the front door pillars; 48. Light switches located in the rear door pillars; 49. Plafonds interior lighting; 50. Instrument lighting lamp; 51. Fuel level indicator with a reserve control lamp; 52. Coolant temperature gauge; 53. Oil pressure gauge with low pressure warning lamp; 54. Parking brake warning lamp; 55. Battery warning lamp; 56. Carburetor air damper control lamp; 57. Tachometer; 58. Control lamp side light; 59. Indicator lamp for direction indicators; 60. Control lamp high beam headlights; 61. Speedometer; 62. Carburetor air damper control lamp switch; 63. Relay-breaker of the parking brake warning lamp; 64. Parking brake indicator switch; 65. Rear lights; 66. Sensor level indicator and fuel reserve; 67. License plate light; 68 Trunk lamp; 69. Lantern reversing light. A Conditional numbering of plugs in the blocks of the electric motor and the wiper relay.
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Scheme of the electrical equipment of the car VAZ-2106.
1. Headlights; 2. Front lights; 3. Side direction indicators; 4. Rechargeable battery; 5. Relay of a control lamp of a charge of the rechargeable battery; 6. The relay of inclusion of a passing beam of headlights; 7. Relay for switching on high beam headlights; 8. Carburetor solenoid valve; 9. Starter; 10. Generator; 11. Sound signals; 12. The electric motor of the fan of the engine cooling system; 13. Sensor for turning on the fan motor; 14. Ignition distributor; 15. Spark plugs; 16. Brake fluid level sensor; 17. Engine compartment lamp; 18. Coolant temperature indicator sensor; 19. Oil pressure indicator sensor; 20. Sensor control lamp oil pressure; 21. Wiper motor; 22. ignition coil; 23. Windshield washer motor; 24. The relay of inclusion of sound signals; 25 Relay for turning on the fan motor; 26. Voltage regulator; 27. Wiper relay-breaker; 28. Additional fuse block; 29. Main fuse block; 30. Reversing light switch; 31. Stoplight switch; 32. Socket for portable lamp, 33. Relay-interrupter for alarm and direction indicators; 34. Heater motor switch; 35. Additional resistor; 36. Heater motor, 37. Glove box lighting lamp; 38. Clock; 39. Cigarette lighter; 40. Alarm switch; 41. Switch-controller for instrument lighting; 42. Windshield wiper and washer switch; 43 Headlight, turn signal and horn switch; 44 Ignition switch, 45. Rear fog light switch; 46. Outdoor lighting switch; 47. Switch for signaling the open front door; 48. Lantern signaling the open front door; 49. Light switches located in the front door pillars; 50. Light switches located in the rear door pillars; 51.Plafony interior lighting; 52. The switch of a control lamp of a parking brake; 53. Instrument lighting lamp; 54. Fuel level indicator with a reserve control lamp; 55. Coolant temperature gauge; 56. Oil pressure gauge with low pressure warning lamp; 57. Parking brake warning lamp; 58. Battery charge control lamp; 59. Carburetor air damper control lamp; 60. Tachometer; 61. Control lamp side light; 62. Control lamp of direction indicators; 63. Control lamp high beam headlights; 64. Speedometer; 65. Carburetor air damper control lamp switch; 66. Relay-interrupter of the parking brake warning lamp; 67. Control lamp of insufficient level of brake fluid; 68. Rear lights; 69. License plate lights, 70. Sensor for level indicator and fuel reserve; 71. Trunk lighting lamp; 72. Rear fog lamp (installed on some vehicles). A. Conditional numbering of plugs in the blocks of the electric motor and the wiper relay.
1. Headlights; 2. Front lights; 3. Side direction indicators; 4. Rechargeable battery; 5. Relay of a control lamp of a charge of the rechargeable battery; 6. The relay of inclusion of a passing beam of headlights; 7. Relay for switching on high beam headlights; 8. Carburetor solenoid valve; 9. Starter; 10. Generator; 11. Sound signals; 12. The electric motor of the fan of the engine cooling system; 13. Sensor for turning on the fan motor; 14. Ignition distributor; 15. Spark plugs; 16. Brake fluid level sensor; 17. Engine compartment lamp; 18. Coolant temperature indicator sensor; 19. Oil pressure indicator sensor; 20. Sensor control lamp oil pressure; 21. Wiper motor; 22. ignition coil; 23. Windshield washer motor; 24. The relay of inclusion of sound signals; 25 Relay for turning on the fan motor; 26. Voltage regulator; 27. Wiper relay-breaker; 28. Additional fuse block; 29. Main fuse block; 30. Reversing light switch; 31. Stoplight switch; 32. Socket for portable lamp, 33. Relay-interrupter for alarm and direction indicators; 34. Heater motor switch; 35. Additional resistor; 36. Heater motor, 37. Glove box lighting lamp; 38. Clock; 39. Cigarette lighter; 40. Alarm switch; 41. Switch-controller for instrument lighting; 42. Windshield wiper and washer switch; 43 Headlight, turn signal and horn switch; 44 Ignition switch, 45. Rear fog light switch; 46. Outdoor lighting switch; 47. Switch for signaling the open front door; 48. Lantern signaling the open front door; 49. Light switches located in the front door pillars; 50. Light switches located in the rear door pillars; 51.Plafony interior lighting; 52. The switch of a control lamp of a parking brake; 53. Instrument lighting lamp; 54. Fuel level indicator with a reserve control lamp; 55. Coolant temperature gauge; 56. Oil pressure gauge with low pressure warning lamp; 57. Parking brake warning lamp; 58. Battery charge control lamp; 59. Carburetor air damper control lamp; 60. Tachometer; 61. Control lamp side light; 62. Control lamp of direction indicators; 63. Control lamp high beam headlights; 64. Speedometer; 65. Carburetor air damper control lamp switch; 66. Relay-interrupter of the parking brake warning lamp; 67. Control lamp of insufficient level of brake fluid; 68. Rear lights; 69. License plate lights, 70. Sensor for level indicator and fuel reserve; 71. Trunk lighting lamp; 72. Rear fog lamp (installed on some vehicles). A. Conditional numbering of plugs in the blocks of the electric motor and the wiper relay.
On VAZ-2103 and VAZ-2106 vehicles, a single-wire circuit for switching on electrical equipment is used. The second wire connecting consumers to sources of electricity is the car body or "weight". The rated operating voltage of sources and consumers of electricity is 12 V. However, the voltage in the electrical equipment system, depending on specific conditions, can vary from 11 to 14.5 V, and within these limits, consumers retain their performance.
The supply voltage to most consumers is supplied through the ignition switch. The power circuits of these electrical components, the operation of which may be required under any circumstances, are always connected to the battery (regardless of the position of the key in the ignition switch). Such nodes include nodes protected by fuse 1 (see table).
The power circuits of most electrical equipment components are protected by fuses installed in a plastic block 31. It contains 9 8 A fuses and one (1st) - 16 A. The unit is located under the instrument panel on the left side of the steering column. The VAZ-2103 also has a 19 to 16 A fuse to protect the fan motor. It is located in a separate housing next to the fuse box. On VAZ-2106 vehicles, there is also an additional fuse box with six fuses, two of which (4th and 5th) at 16 A, and the rest at 8 A. The fuse numbers and the circuits they protect are shown in the table:
№ | Protected circuits |
1 | Plafonds. Sound signals. Plug socket for portable lamp. Cigarette lighter. Stop lamps in the rear lights. Lights signaling open front doors. Watch. |
2 | Windshield wiper and its relay. Heater motor. Windshield washer. |
3 | Left headlights (high beam) and a control lamp for switching on the high beam. |
4 | Right headlights (high beam) |
5 | Left headlights (dipped beam) |
6 | Right headlights (dipped beam) |
7 | Left sidelight (side light). Right rear light (side light). Side light warning lamp*. Instrument lighting lamp. Trunk light. Registration plate light*. Right license plate light**. Cigarette lighter lamp *. |
8 | Right Sidelight (side light). Left rear light (side light). Side light warning lamp**. Cigarette lighter lamp *. Hood lamp. Left license plate light**. |
9 | Oil pressure warning lamp. Oil pressure gauge**. Coolant temperature gauge. Fuel gauge with reserve warning lamp. A control lamp of inclusion of a parking brake and level of a brake liquid. Control lamp of a charge of the rechargeable battery. Direction indicators and corresponding control lamp. Carburetor choke control lamp. Glove box light. Carburetor solenoid valve. Reversing light*. Rear lights (reversing light bulbs) **. Tachometer**. |
10 | Voltage regulator. The excitation winding of the generator. Additional fuse box for VAZ-2106 |
1-4 | Reserve |
5 | Cooling fan motor |
6 | Turn signal in alarm mode |
* For VAZ-2103 cars.
** For VAZ-2106 vehicles.
When a fuse blows, you need to look at the circuits that it protects, fix the malfunction that caused it to blow, and then install a new fuse. It is not allowed to install homemade or any other fuses that are not provided for by the design of the car.
Some electrical systems that require emergency operation are not protected by fuses.
So the engine ignition system is not protected by fuses so as not to introduce an extra element into it, which reduces the reliability of the system in operation. If the ignition system fails, the engine will stop working. The engine start circuit is also not protected so as not to reduce the reliability of the start. In addition, the battery charge circuit is not protected by fuses, since the generator is connected to the battery with a short wire and the introduction of a fuse would complicate the circuit. Also, the windings of the relay for switching on the dipped and main beam headlights are not protected by fuses.
On vehicles, flexible low-voltage wires of the PVA type are used. These wires have flexible polyvinylchloride insulation, resistant to oil, gasoline and operable in the temperature range from -40 to +105°C. The flexibility of the wires is ensured by the manufacture of a conductive core from a large number of soft copper wires. To facilitate the search for the required wire in bundles, the wire insulation is painted in different colors. In addition, strips of different colors can be additionally applied to the surface of the insulation.
When current passes through the wires, the voltage drops and the wires heat up. To ensure that heating and voltage drop do not exceed the permissible limits, it is necessary to select the appropriate cross-section of the conductive conductors of the wires. The greater the electric current flows, the larger the cross section of the wire core should be. Therefore, on cars, wires with different cross-sections of the core are used: 16; 6; 4; 2.5 and 1 mm2.
The thickest wires with a cross section of 16 mm2 connect with "weight" battery and engine, as well as a starter with a battery. These wires carry the highest current when the engine is started by the starter. The battery and the generator are connected by a wire with a cross section of 6 mm2, since a rather significant current also flows through them when the battery is charging and when the engine is not running, when all consumers are powered from the battery. The rest of the wires have a core cross section of 4, 2.5 or 1 mm2.
The wires are connected to the units of electrical equipment and interconnected using quick connectors. An exception is the connection of wires to the battery, to the clamp "30" alternator, to the starter power bolt, and to the low voltage terminals of the ignition coil. At these critical connections, the wire lugs are clamped with nuts for maximum reliability of the connections.
To protect the electrical connections from water and dirt, the back of the sidelights is covered with rubber covers. Protective rubber caps cover the lugs of high voltage wires, coolant temperature and oil pressure sensors, terminal "+" battery and terminal "30" generator. The lampholders of the lamps of the side direction indicators and the registration plate lighting lamps are also closed with caps.
To facilitate installation, all wires on the car are bundled. The bundles are connected to each other using plug connectors, which reduces the possibility of tangling wires during installation. There are six bundles of wires in total: front bundle, rear bundle, instrument panel wire bundle, right and left side lamp and side turn signal bundles, and battery wire bundle.
The main bundle of wires is the front. It has three branches. Two of them are located in the engine compartment, and the third is in the cabin under the instrument panel. From the cabin to the engine compartment, the bundle of wires passes through the rubber seal and branches out after exiting it. The right branch of the bundle is laid on the front end shield and the right mudguard of the body, and the left one - on the left mudguard. On the front panel and mudguards, the wires are fastened with steel brackets welded to the body and plastic clamps. The fastening of the bundle should be such that it is not too tight, but also does not dangle, as this can lead to chafing of the wires during shaking and shorting them with "weight".
In the passenger compartment, the front beam passes under the instrument panel and has small branches going to the fuse boxes, switches, instruments, ignition switch and other electrical components.
The rear beam runs back along the left side of the body floor and has branches to the interior lamps and to the trunk lamp. The branch to the right ceiling passes behind the rear transverse beam of the body floor. The bundle wires are attached to the body floor with adhesive tape and plastic clamps.
Wire lugs (black), connecting the plafonds with "weight", are attached to the door pillars with self-tapping screws. Tips of the wire connecting to "weight" fuel level indicator sensor, are mounted under the sensor mounting screws and the right rear light.
Over the years of production of VAZ-2103 cars, changes were made to their scheme related to the replacement of individual components and aimed at improving the quality of cars and saving wires. Major changes include replacing the foot-operated windshield washer with a power washer and replacing the two-lever switch on the steering column with a three-lever one.
Features of the scheme of cars VAZ-2106
On these cars, compared to the VAZ-2103, a different design of the rear lights and registration plate lights. Two fuse blocks installed - main 29 (application) and optional 28. Added relay 6 to turn on low beam headlights. An alarm system has been introduced, including turn indicators using a switch 40 and a relay-breaker 33. There is a separate lamp 67 for monitoring the level of brake fluid and a switch 41 with a control for the degree of illumination of devices.
Recently, small simplifications have been made in the scheme of VAZ-2106 cars. So, at present, one sound signal is installed, and it is turned on directly by switch 43 without relay 24. Lights 48 for signaling the open front door with switch 47 and relay-breaker 66 of the parking brake indicator lamp are not installed. Now, when the parking brake is applied, the control lamp 57 lights up with a constant light.