Types of tire wear due to improper adjustment of camber and toe-in
I - normal tread wear; II - increased toe-in of the front wheels (right wheel, rear view); III - negative convergence of the front wheels (right wheel, rear view); IV - negative camber angle of the front wheels (right wheel, rear view); V - negative camber angle of the front wheels (left wheel, rear view); VI - negative camber angle of the rear wheels due to deflection of the rear axle beam (right wheel, rear view)
Types of tire wear due to abnormal tire pressure, large wheel imbalance or heavy braking
I - increased air pressure in the tire; II - reduced tire pressure; III - the imbalance of the wheel exceeds the allowable limits; IV - intense braking, accompanied by «skidding» wheels
Cause | Elimination Method |
Noise and knocking in the suspension when the car is moving | |
Defective shock absorbers | Replace or repair shock absorbers |
Loose bolts securing the anti-roll bar | Tighten the bolts and nuts for fastening the rod; Replace rubber pads when worn |
Wear of rubber-metal hinges of levers | Replace hinges |
Loose shock absorbers or worn out rubber bushings of the shock absorber eyes | Tighten the mounting bolts and nuts, replace the bushings in the shock absorber eye |
Wear of ball joints of levers | Replace ball joints |
Increased clearance in wheel bearings | Adjust clearance or replace bearings |
Large wheel imbalance | Balance the wheels |
Deformation of the rim or disk of the wheel | Replace rim assembly |
Settling or broken spring | Replace spring |
Wear on the rubber bushings of the rear suspension rods | Replace bushings |
Knock off «breakdown» suspension due to destruction of compression buffers | Replace damaged buffers |
Frequent «breakdowns» rear suspension due to rear axle overload | Don't overload your car |
Can't adjust front wheel alignment | |
Deformation of the axis of the lower arm | Replace axle |
Deformation of the suspension cross member in the area of the front bolts of the lower arm axles | Repair or replace the crossbar |
Wear of rubber-metal hinges | Replace hinges |
Deformation of the steering knuckle, suspension arms or front body elements | Replace deformed parts, straighten body front elements |
Driving the vehicle away from straight ahead | |
Different air pressure in tires | Set normal tire pressure |
Violation of the angles of the front wheels | Adjust wheel alignment |
Incorrect clearance in the front wheel bearings | Adjust gap |
Deformed steering knuckle or suspension arms | Replace deformed parts |
Unequal elasticity of suspension springs | Replace a spring that has lost its elasticity |
Incomplete release of the brake mechanism of the wheel | Troubleshoot |
Significant difference in tire wear | Replace worn tires |
Increased front wheel imbalance | Balance the wheels |
Displacement of the rear axle due to deformation of the rear suspension rods | Straighten or replace rods |
Self-excited angular oscillation of the front wheels | |
Tire pressure not correct | Set normal tire pressure |
Increased clearance in wheel bearings | Adjust gap |
Shock absorbers not working | Replace or repair shock absorbers |
Loose ball joint nuts | Check the security of the fastening of the fingers of the ball joints |
Violation of the angles of the front wheels | Adjust wheel alignment |
Wear of rubber-metal hinges of axes of levers | Replace hinges |
Large wheel imbalance | Check and balance wheels |
Wear of ball joints | Replace hinges |
Frequent breakdowns of the suspension | |
Suspension spring settling | Replace springs with new ones |
Shock absorbers not working | Replace or repair shock absorbers |
Increased clearance in ball joints | |
Wear of the rubbing surfaces of the parts of the ball joint as a result of contamination caused by leakage of the protective cover or its damage | Replace ball joint and protective boot |
Increased tire tread wear | |
Driving at high speed on rough roads | Choose your speed according to road conditions. |
Too sharp acceleration of the car with wheel slip | Avoid hard acceleration |
Frequent use of wheel lock brakes | Use your brakes wisely |
Wheel alignment misaligned | Adjust the angles |
Increased clearance in wheel bearings | Adjust gap |
Car overload | Do not exceed the permissible loads specified in the operating instructions |
The recommended scheme for rearranging the wheels was not followed | Change the wheels according to the instruction manual |
Tire screeching on turns | |
Abnormal tire pressure | Bring the pressure back to normal |
Incorrect setting of the angles of the front wheels | Set angles |
Deformed steering knuckle, suspension arms, cross member or front body elements | Replace deformed parts, straighten body front elements |
Uneven tire tread wear | |
Increased cornering speed | Slow down |
Large wear of hinges and suspension bushings | Repair suspension |
Wheel imbalance (the appearance of spots, evenly spaced around the circumference, on the outer tracks, and during a long ride with an unbalanced wheel and on the central track) (see fig. Types of tire wear due to abnormal tire pressure, large wheel imbalance or heavy braking, position III) | Balance the wheels |
Uneven wheel braking | Adjust the brake system |
Shock absorbers not working | Replace or repair shock absorbers |
Broken camber angle (wear of the inner tread tracks) (see fig. Types of tire wear due to improper adjustment of the camber and toe-in, positions IV–V) | Adjust the camber angle |
Reduced air pressure in tires (high wear on the edges of the tread) (see fig. Types of tire wear due to abnormal tire pressure, large wheel imbalance or heavy braking, position II) | Set normal pressure |
Increased tire pressure (high wear in the middle part of the tread) (see fig. Types of tire wear due to abnormal tire pressure, large wheel imbalance or heavy braking, position I) | Set normal pressure |
Lowered front wheel alignment (wear of the inner tread tracks) (see fig. Types of tire wear due to improper adjustment of the camber and toe-in, position III) | Adjust wheel alignment |
Increased front wheel alignment (outer tread wear) (see fig. Types of tire wear due to improper adjustment of the camber and toe-in, position II) | Adjust wheel alignment |
Wheel runout | |
Wheel imbalance: | |
uneven tread wear around the circumference; | balance wheels or replace |
displacement of balancing weights and tires during installation | balance the wheels |
rim deformation | straighten the rim or replace with a new one; balance the wheels |
tire damage | change the tire and balance the wheel |
Increased clearance in wheel bearings | Adjust gap |
Shock absorber fluid leak | |
Wear or destruction of the stem seal | Replace seal |
Contact with the sealing lips of the stuffing box of foreign mechanical particles | Flush shock absorber parts, change or filter fluid |
Shrinkage or damage to the tank o-ring | Replace ring |
Nicks, risks, scuffs on the stem; full wear of chrome plating | Replace worn or damaged stem and packing |
Reservoir nut loosening | tighten the nut |
Damage to the tank in the area of the sealing ring | Replace or repair tank |
Too much fluid in shock absorber | Provide the required amount of fluid |
Insufficient shock absorber resistance during rebound | |
Leakage of the return valve or bypass valve | Replace damaged valve parts or repair them |
Breakage or occurrence in the piston ring groove | Replace the ring or eliminate its occurrence in the groove |
Insufficient fluid due to leakage | Replace damaged parts and refill fluid |
Seizures on the piston or cylinder | Replace damaged parts, change fluid |
Guide bush hole wear | Replace guide bushing |
The liquid is contaminated with mechanical impurities | Flush all parts, change fluid |
Recoil valve spring settlement | Replace spring |
Insufficient shock absorber resistance during rebound | |
Compression valve leak | Replace damaged parts or repair them |
Insufficient fluid due to leakage | Replace damaged parts and refill fluid |
Guide bush and stem wear | Replace worn parts with new ones |
The liquid is contaminated with mechanical impurities | Flush all parts, change fluid |
Worn or broken compression valve discs | Replace disks |
Knocks and squeaks of shock absorbers | |
Wear of rubber bushings in the eyes | Replace bushings |
Deformation of the casing as a result of impacts | Replace or repair casing |
Insufficient fluid due to leakage | Replace damaged parts, fill liquid |
Loose tank nuts, piston | Tighten nuts |
Piston sticking due to deformation of the cylinder, reservoir or rod | Replace or straighten parts |
Loosening shock absorber nuts | Tighten nuts |
Breakage of shock absorber parts | Replace damaged parts with new ones |