Figure 158. Main elements of the body frame
The main elements of the frame are the front 1 (figure 158), floor, sidewalls 8, roof 4 with frame 3 windscreen, rear panel and power elements (side members, cross members, pillars). The following are hung on the frame: fenders 9, hood 2, side doors and rear door 7.
All body parts and assemblies, except for attachments, are joined into a single whole by contact spot welding, and heavily loaded parts are additionally welded by electric arc welding.
Front 1 consists of a vertical front shield, front fender mudguards, front side members, cross members and an air intake box. The body floor consists of three main parts: the front, middle and rear floor panels. The front floor panel is trough-shaped, with a tunnel in the middle for exhaust pipes and pipelines. The rear floor panel has a one-piece stamped niche for a spare wheel installed from the trunk. Two side members run along the entire floor, which form single longitudinal hidden cavities with the front and rear side members, ventilated with air. In general, the floor has front, middle and rear cross members.
The outer side panels are made in one piece with the central and rear pillars, with openings for the side window and front door. The inner side panels are also made in one piece together with the outer arches (mudguards) rear wheels. At the rear, the sidewalls have reinforcements and a niche for a gasoline vapor separator, as well as grooves and flanges for the tailgate seals. The windshield frame is made of one piece, to which reinforcements are welded at the top and bottom. The front pillars form two isolated cavities to increase rigidity. The roof panel has reinforcements 5, a front beam and a rear beam 6 for hanging the tailgate. The tailgate panel has upper and lower crossbars.
The main body parts are stamped from low-carbon sheet steel 08kp. For deep-drawn parts during stamping and better weldability, steel 08U is used, and for greater tensile strength, low-alloy steel 08GS is used. The thickness of the main panels is 0.8 mm; for outer door panels and front wings 0.7 mm; for amplifiers 1-1.2 mm; for the front side members 1.8 mm. The remaining side members have a thickness of 1 mm. Various small body parts (connectors, brackets, extensions) stamped from steel with a thickness of 0.8-2.5 mm.
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To increase corrosion resistance, the inner surface of the wing has a zinc-metal coating 0.1 mm thick and an additional coating of plastisol D-11 A. The wing is attached to the body frame with eight self-tapping bolts. Insulating pads are installed under the front wings.
Body frame parts most susceptible to corrosion (radiator frame, radiator frame cross member, front panel connectors, middle and rear cross members, front door sill divider and a number of other parts), are made of steel with one- or two-sided zinc-metal coating.