6.1. Front suspension assembly: A – control size; 1 – telescopic stand; 2 – nut; 3 – eccentric bolt; 4 – nut; 5 – steering knuckle; 6 – front wheel drive shaft; 7 – hinge protective cover; 8 – outer shaft joint; 9 – lower arm; 10 – ball joint; 11 – decorative wheel disc (cap); 12 – hub; 13 – brake disc; 14 – protective cover; 15 – rotary lever; 16 – lower support cup; 17 – suspension spring; 18 – protective cover for telescopic stand; 19 – compression stroke buffer; 20 – upper support cup; 21 – Upper support bearing; 22 – upper support of the rack.
The main element of the suspension is the telescopic hydraulic shock absorber strut 1 (Fig. 6.1), the lower part of which is connected to the steering knuckle 5 by two bolts. The upper bolt 3, passing through the oval hole of the strut bracket, has an eccentric belt and washer. When the upper bolt is turned, the camber of the front wheel changes.
A coiled cylindrical spring 17, a polyurethane foam compression buffer 19, and an upper support 22 of the strut assembled with a bearing 21 are installed on the telescopic strut.
The upper support is attached to the mudguard pillar with three self-locking nuts. Due to its elasticity, the support ensures the pillar swing during suspension movements and dampens high-frequency vibrations. The bearing built into it allows the pillar to turn together with the steered wheels.
6.2. Telescopic stand: 1 – compression valve body; 2 – compression valve discs; 3 – compression valve throttle disc; 4 – compression valve plate; 5 – compression valve spring; 6 – compression valve holder; 7 – recoil valve nut; 8 – recoil valve spring; 9 – recoil valve plate; 10 – recoil valve disc; 11 – throttle disc of the return valve; 12 – piston; 13 – bypass valve plate; 14 – bypass valve spring; 15 – plunger; 16 – plunger spring; 17 – rod guide bushing with fluoroplastic layer; 18 – guide bushing sleeve; 19 – sealing ring of the rack housing; 20 – rod seal; 21 – oil seal cage; 22 – rod protective ring gasket; 23 – Protective ring of the rod; 24 – rack housing nut; 25 – compression buffer support; 26 – rod; 27 – spring cup; 28 – Pivot lever; 29 – rod limiting sleeve; 30 – rack body; 31 – cylinder; 32 – drain pipe.
The body of the rack contains parts of the telescopic hydraulic shock absorber, shown in Fig. 6.2
A hydraulic recoil buffer is installed in the upper part of the cylinder, consisting of a plunger 15 and a spring 16. It limits the movement of the rod during the recoil stroke.
Lower part of steering knuckle 5 (see fig. 6.1) is connected by a ball joint 10 to the lower arm 9 of the suspension. The braking and traction forces are perceived by longitudinal tensioners, which are connected through rubber-metal hinges to the lower arms and to the front supports of the front suspension crossmember. Adjusting washers are installed at the junctions of the tensioner with the arm and the front support, which change the angle of the longitudinal inclination of the pivot axis.
6.3. Steering knuckle and front wheel hub parts: 1 – steering knuckle; 2 – outer mudguard ring; 3 – hub bearing; 4 – wheel hub; 5 – thrust washer; 6 – nut; 7 – retaining rings; 8 – internal mud-deflecting ring.
In the steering knuckle (Fig. 6.3) a double-row radial thrust bearing of a closed type is secured with retaining rings 7, in the inner rings of which the hub 4 of the wheel is installed with tension. The bearing is clamped with nut 6 on the tailpiece of the outer joint housing of the wheel drive and is not adjustable. All fastening nuts of the front and rear wheel hubs are the same and have a right-hand thread.
The anti-roll bar is a rod whose knees are connected to the lower suspension arms via struts with rubber and rubber-metal hinges. Average (torsion) part of the rod is attached to the body with brackets through rubber cushions.
Helpful Hints: When rocking the front wheel, it is difficult to distinguish between play in the hub bearings and in the ball joints. Ask an assistant to press the brake pedal: if you feel play, then the ball joints are faulty. Install protective caps for the hub bearings with any glue - this way you will avoid many problems in the future.