Front suspension
1 – bearings of a nave of a forward wheel; 2 - hub cap; 3 - adjusting nut; 4 - washer; 5 – a pin of a rotary fist; 6 - wheel hub; 7 - stuffing box; 8 - brake disc; 9 - ball pin of the upper support; 10 – rotary fist; 11 - protective cover of the ball pin; 12 - bearing of the upper support; 13 – upper suspension arm; 14 - bearing housing of the upper support; 15 – compression stroke buffer; 16 – an arm of the buffer of a course of compression; 17 – a basic glass of the shock-absorber; 18 - shock absorber mounting pads; 19 - pillow washer; 20 - insulating gasket of the suspension spring; 21 - the upper support cup of the suspension spring; 22 - the axis of the upper suspension arm; 23 - inner sleeve of the hinge; 24 - outer bushing of the hinge, 25 - rubber bushing of the hinge; 26 - support washer; 27–28 - adjusting washers; 29 - bracket for fastening the cross member to the side member of the body; 30 - cross member of the front suspension; 31 - stabilizer bar mounting bracket; 32 - stabilizer bar cushion; 33 - stabilizer bar; 34 – body spar; 35 - the axis of the lower arm; 36 – lower suspension arm; 37 – bolts of fastening of an axis of the bottom lever; 38 - suspension spring; 39 - clip fastening the stabilizer bar; 40 - shock absorber; 41 – a bolt of fastening of the shock-absorber; 42 - nut for fastening the shock absorber rod to the suspension arm; 43 - shock absorber mounting bracket to the lower suspension arm; 44 - the lower support cup of the suspension spring; 45 - holder of the liner of the lower support; 46 - bearing housing of the lower support; 47 - insert of the holder of the ball pin; 48 - bearing of the lower support; 49 - ball pin; 50 - front wheel rotation limiter
The front suspension is independent, on two wishbones on each side, with coil springs, telescopic shock absorbers and anti-roll bar.
The upper 13 and lower 36 suspension arms are connected to the steering knuckle by 10 ball joints. The upper ball joint 14 is attached with three bolts to the upper suspension arm. Bearing 12 is located in the hinge body, the base of which is resin, and the friction surface is Teflon fabric, tightly fitting the spherical surface of the pin 9. The hinge parts are protected from contamination by a reinforced cover 11. The conical part of the pin goes into the conical hole of the steering knuckle and is fastened with a self-locking nut.
The lower ball joint 45 is connected to the steering knuckle and suspension arm in a similar manner to the upper joint. In the body 46 of the hinge is a pin 49 with a hemispherical head. A ceramic-metal bearing 48 with a hemispherical surface is put on the pin shaft. Insert 47, made of oil-resistant rubber, is inserted with an interference fit into the lower part of the body. A plastic layer is applied to the surface of the liner in contact with the hemisphere of the finger 49 (nylon blend with molybdenum sulfide). There is a hole in the lower part of the hinge body through which the hinge is lubricated. It is closed with a cork.
The upper arm 13 of the suspension is connected by an axle 22 to the front end of the body, and the lower arm 36 is suspended by bolts 37 to the cross member 30 of the suspension with the help of an axle 35, which is attached by brackets 29 to the spars. Distance washers 28 and shims 27 are installed between the axis of the lower arm and the cross member. By changing the number of washers 27, the longitudinal angle of inclination of the axis of rotation and the camber angle of the front wheels are adjusted. Both suspension arms are connected to the axles through rubber-metal hinges, which ensure backlash-free connection of these parts. Such a hinge includes a rubber bushing 25, outer 24 and inner 23 metal bushings. A thrust washer 26 is installed between the hinge and the nut.
The spring 38 rests with its upper end through the support cup 21 with a rubber gasket 20 on the front end of the body. The lower end of the spring rests on the support cup 44 of the lower arm. By length under a load of 435 kgf, the front suspension springs are sorted into groups A and B. Group A springs are marked with yellow paint on the outer side of the coils, and group B springs are green. The upward movement of the front wheel is limited by the stop of the upper arm 13 against the rubber buffer 15 installed in the bracket 16.
Lateral roll of the body when turning the car is reduced by the anti-roll bar, made in the form of a rod 33 of spring steel. The ends of the rod are attached to the brackets of the lower suspension arms with clips 39 through rubber cushions 32. The rod itself is attached to the side members 34 by two brackets 31, in the holes of which rubber bushings are located. Shock absorbers 40 are attached to the lower suspension arms. The shock absorber rod passes through the hole in the support cup 17 and is fastened with a nut. Rubber cushions 18 are installed between the shock absorber casing and the glass, as well as between the support washer 19 and the glass. The shock absorber is attached to the lower arm by means of a bracket 43 and bolts 41 and nuts 42.