Attention! Checking the wheel alignment angles is mandatory if replacement or repair of suspension parts is carried out, which may lead to a change in the wheel alignment angles.
The new car (before the first maintenance) the wheel alignment angles have the following values:
| Collapse | 0°30'+40'–30' |
| Longitudinal angle of inclination of the pivot axis | 4°+1°–1°30' |
| Convergence | 1–7 mm |
After the first maintenance (after 1500–2000 km of mileage) and during further operation of the vehicle, the wheel alignment angles should be:
| Collapse | 0° 30' ±20' (0° 5' ±20') |
| Longitudinal angle of inclination of the pivot axis | 4° ±30' (3° 30' ±30') |
| Convergence | 2 – 4 mm (3 – 5 mm)* |
* The values of angles without load are given in brackets; without brackets – with load.
The difference in the longitudinal angles of inclination of the steering axes of the right and left wheels must not exceed 0°30'.
Before adjusting the wheel alignment angles, check:
- tire pressure;
- axial clearance in front wheel hub bearings;
- shock absorber serviceability (no rod jamming);
- radial and axial runout of tires;
- clearance in the upper ball joints of the suspension;
- free play of the steering wheel.
Correct any detected faults and make the necessary adjustments.
Wheel alignment can be checked and adjusted both on a loaded vehicle and on an unloaded vehicle, but checking the angles on a loaded vehicle gives more accurate results. Therefore, in critical cases, it is recommended to check and adjust the angles on a vehicle under a static load of 3136 N (320 kgf), which corresponds approximately to the weight of four people and a load of 40 kg in the trunk.
The car is loaded either with special weights suspended from the bottom of the body, or with ballast (280 kg) placed on the seat cushions and in the trunk (40 kg). The front seats should be in the middle position of their longitudinal travel. The load in the trunk is distributed evenly. The lack of fuel is compensated by the load placed on the right side of the trunk area.
After installing the car on the stand, immediately before checking the corners, "squeeze" the car's suspension, applying 2-3 times a force of 392-490 N (40-50 kgf), directed from top to bottom, first on the rear and then on the front bumper. In this case, the car's wheels should be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the car.
The order of checking and adjusting the wheel alignment angles is as follows:
- longitudinal tilt angle of the pivot axis;
- camber angle;
- convergence.
Changing the camber angle and longitudinal tilt of the wheel rotation axis when changing the number of washers in the packs
The number of washers added to or removed from the bag | Wheel alignment | Longitudinal angle of inclination of the wheel pivot axis | |||
front bolt | rear bolt | thickness of washers, mm | |||
0,5 | 0,8 | 0,5 | 0,8 | ||
+1 | +1 | –(7'–9') | –(11'–14') | 0 | 0 |
–1 | –1 | +(7'–9') | +(11'–14') | 0 | 0 |
+1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | –(18'–20') | –(29'–32') |
–1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +(18'–20') | +(29'–32') |
0 | +1 | –(7'–9') | –(11'–14') | +(18'–20') | +(29'–32') |
0 | –1 | +(7'–9') | +(11'–14') | –(18'–20') | –(29'–32') |
–1 | +1 | –(7'–9') | +(11'–14') | +(36'–40') | +(52'–64') |
+1 | –1 | +(7'–9') | –(11'–14') | –(36'–40') | –(52'–64') |
Angle of longitudinal inclination of the axis of rotation
1. If, when checking, the angle value does not correspond to the data given above, change the number of adjusting washers 27 and 28 (see Fig. Front suspension), installed between the lower arm axis and the cross member.
2. To adjust the caster angle, loosen the nuts securing the arm axle to the crossmember and change the number of adjusting washers under the bolts to obtain the correct caster angle (see table. Change in camber angle and longitudinal tilt of the wheel pivot axis when changing the number of washers in the packs).
3. Tighten the nuts with a torque wrench and check the caster angle of the steering axis.
Attention! When adjusting the front wheel alignment angles, it is permissible to use U-shaped adjusting shims, which must be installed with the slot facing down.
Front wheel camber angle
If the camber angle differs from the norm, adjust it by changing the number of adjusting washers 27 and 28 (see Fig. Front suspension), installed between the lever axis and the cross member (see table. Change in camber angle and longitudinal tilt of the wheel pivot axis when changing the number of washers in the packs). To increase the camber angle, remove the same number of washers from both bolts, and to decrease it, add them.
Front wheel alignment
1. If the toe-in value differs from the norm, loosen the side tie rod clamps and use key 67.7853.9504 to turn both couplings by the same amount in opposite directions; in this way the couplings are screwed on or unscrewed and change the length of the side rods.
2. After adjustment, install the clamping clamps with the slot horizontally with an upward or downward deviation of no more than 600 and tighten them in this position. When the nuts are tightened, the edges of the slots of the clamping clamps should not touch.