Brake fluid
To check and, if necessary, top up the brake fluid in the reservoirs, no preliminary preparation is required. Only the Neva fluid itself is required. The red indicator light will tell you whether there is enough fluid in the system or not. The light will light up as soon as the fluid level drops below the permissible level. However, waiting for the indicator light to light up makes no sense, since at that moment you may be on the road, and the brake fluid may be in the garage.
To avoid surprises, it is advisable to check the level in the main brake cylinder reservoirs as often as possible. You won't lose much time unscrewing the cap and making sure there is enough fluid. You should top up the fluid when the level is below the beginning of the reservoir necks.
Please note! A decrease in the fluid level in the master cylinder reservoir and exposure of the opening of the tube connecting the reservoir to the master cylinder will lead to air entering the system and brake failure.
Coolant
Earlier we noted that modern passenger cars, including VAZ cars, are all-weather. Naturally, the cooling system should provide the engine with an optimal operating mode at high and low temperatures. One of the important elements of the cooling system is the coolant used in the system.
To ensure efficient and reliable operation of a modern engine, the coolant must have a number of properties: not freeze at temperatures down to minus 40 - minus 60°C; does not foam when circulating in the system; have lubricating properties that provide anti-corrosion treatment for 5-6 different types of metals, and do not cause destruction of rubber and plastic seals and O-rings; does not form scale.
All of the above properties are possessed by the liquid Tosol A-40, used in the cooling systems of VAZ cars. Concentrated liquid Tosol A is sold in retail trade, and in order to prepare a cooling liquid with a given frost resistance, Tosol A must be diluted with water, preferably distilled or boiled, until a certain density is reached (Table 1).
The correct filling of the cooling system is checked by the "min" mark on the expansion tank. The level with a cold engine (at a temperature of 20°C) should be 3 cm above the "min" mark.
The cooling system of VAZ cars is sealed, and the liquid can only decrease as a result of depressurization of the system: either the liquid escapes through leaks in the clamps and the radiator cap (then its streaks are visible), or has found its way into the engine. In both cases, urgent measures are needed.
Before draining the coolant, you should prepare 13 and 17 mm keys, a screwdriver, two containers for the liquid and napkins. Two containers are necessary because the liquid is drained from two taps at the same time, located: one in the lower radiator tank, the other on the cylinder block on the side of the steering gear housing. When unscrewing the plug on the lower radiator tank, you should hold the plug nipple from turning with a second 17 mm key. After draining all the liquid, the taps must be installed in their place.
Once the liquid has been drained, be sure to take advantage of the opportunity and flush the system. To do this, pour 9 liters of clean water into the radiator. If the car has been in operation for over 2 years, there is probably scale in the system and it should be removed, for which purpose add a scale remover to the poured water. Close the radiator and expansion tank with lids and let the engine run for 4-5 minutes. Then drain the water and repeat the operation.
Pour 9.6 liters of fresh or previously drained antifreeze into the flushed cooling system, and check its level after 500-1000 km of running.
Windscreen washer fluid
Car enthusiasts know very well how unpleasant it is to drive in damp weather, when the windshield is covered in dirt from the wheels of the car in front. Visibility is even worse when the outside temperature is close to minus.
For cleaning the windshield on Zhiguli cars there is a reliable system, which works especially effectively if filled with NIIS-4 washer fluid. This is a transparent colorless (or slightly yellowish) liquid with a freezing point of minus 40°C.
In summer, 70% of pure water can be added to this liquid, and at ambient temperatures of up to minus 10°C, 50% of water can be added. At lower temperatures, NIIS-4 should not be diluted.