Existing experience makes it possible to approximately predict the service life (in kilometers or years) elements of the car with their natural wear and tear. As for the units as a whole - the engine, clutch, gearbox, driveline, rear axle, steering gear, front and rear suspension, brake drive - their service life with satisfactory maintenance exceeds 100 thousand km. Given in Table. 2 data refer to the case of year-round operation of the car mainly on roads with asphalt or cement-concrete pavement, with about 60% of the mileage accounted for by urban conditions, and about 40% by highway traffic. This refers to the temperate climate zone and medium rugged terrain. In other cases - when the vehicle is operated mainly off-road with improved coverage, in cold and hot climates, in mountainous areas - the service life of units, assemblies and parts, as well as the vehicle as a whole, will be shorter. In addition, the data given do not take into account the possibility of premature failure of some parts, which, however, rarely occur when the vehicle is used correctly.
The service life of most other components and parts due to natural wear and tear usually exceeds 100 thousand km.
Despite the overall high reliability of vehicles «Zhiguli», it is advisable to have with you, especially on long trips, a number of spare parts, additional tools and accessories.
An approximate list of spare parts carried in the car:
- Spark plug (2 pcs.)
- Distributor contacts
- distributor rotor
- Capacitor
- Distributor cap assembly with graphite contact
- High voltage wire cap (2 pcs.)
- Gasoline pump diaphragms
- Carburettor Starter Diaphragm
- Carburetor Needle Valve with Gasket
- headlight lamp
- Two-filament sidelight and taillight lamp (2 pcs.)
- Single filament rear turn signal lamp (can be replaced with a lamp from a carrier)
- License plate lamp (Can be replaced with under hood lamp)
- Side turn signal lamp (can be replaced with a trunk light)
- Fuses (3 pcs.)
- Fan belt Chamber valve cap (2 pcs.)
- chamber spool valve (2 pcs.)
- High voltage wire (1m)
- Low voltage wire (5 m)
An approximate list of additional tools and accessories carried in the car:
- Wrench 9X11
- Wrench 12X14
- Hammer
- Tire mounting spatula (1 PC.)
- Small flat screwdriver
- Small Phillips screwdriver
- Socket wrench set (compact)
- Awl
- File round
- Scissors
- File flat
- Folding knife
- Probe (portable lamp with quick-release clips at the ends of the wires)
- Raw rubber electric vulcanizer
- Chalk (piece)
- Foot-operated, pressure gauge pump for tire inflation
- Set of bolts, nuts, washers and cotter pins
- Rubber from the camera (piece)
- knitting wire (2 m)
- Insulating tape
- Lantern pocket
- towing cable (preferably in the form of a strong rope)
- Gasoline canister (20 l)
- Funnel with a filter for pouring gasoline
- clean rag
- Plastic bucket
- Sponge
- Starter wires with quick release clamps (in winter time)
In addition, in accordance with modern requirements, each car must be equipped with seat belts (at least for the driver and passenger sitting in the front seat), first aid kit, warning triangle and fire extinguisher.
VAZ cars of models 2101, 2102, 2103, 2106 and 21011 are largely unified. This, in particular, applies to the majority of relatively fast-wearing units and parts, which are given in Table. 2. Nevertheless, there are some peculiarities here.
VAZ cars are equipped at the factory with two types of wheel rims (in width) and four types of tires; the corresponding data are given in table. 3.
When changing wheels and tires during operation, you need to know the following:
- on «wide» rim can fit all tires;
- on «narrow» the rim can be fitted with tires 6.15 - 13; 155 - 13P and 6.45 - 13; installation of tires 165 - 13P is possible, but undesirable;
- any of the four tires above can be installed on VAZ-2101 and VAZ-21011 cars;
- tires 6.45 - 13 and 165 - 13R can be installed on VAZ-2102, VAZ-2103 and VAZ-2106 cars;
- it is desirable that the same tires are installed on all wheels; it is allowed to install different tires on the wheels of the front and rear axles; installation of different tires on the left and right wheels of the same axle is not allowed.
The tubes of all the tires listed above are interchangeable. In addition, practice has shown that it is also possible to use car tire tubes «Moskvich-408 and -412»; however, these chambers have a thicker rubber lining of the valves, and therefore, when used in car wheel rims «Zhiguli» it is necessary to increase the diameter of the hole for the valve, and this does not prevent the subsequent use of these rims with standard chambers.
It must be borne in mind that inner tubes for car tires «Zhiguli» made on the basis of butyl rubber; in this regard, sealing punctures in such chambers by applying patches «cold» (without hot curing) ineffective.
The rear brake pads of VAZ-2103 and VAZ-2106 vehicles have devices for automatically adjusting the gap between them and the brake drums, and therefore they are not interchangeable with the rear brake pads of VAZ-2101, -2102 and -21011 vehicles.
Rubber cylindrical lower bushings of the front and conical bushings of the rear shock absorbers of all VAZ models do not differ in design, and the conical bushings of the rear shock absorbers are interchangeable with the conical bushings of car shock absorbers «Moskvich» all models (except 400 and 401), «Volga» and «Zaporozhets». In the absence of spare cylindrical bushings of the front shock absorbers, they can be replaced with conical bushings, and the latter must be cut from the side of the wide ends so that they fit into the shock absorber bracket with an interference fit.
VAZ cars of all models are equipped at the factory with candles A7.5BS, A7.5XC or candles made in the GDR; these candles have an elongated screw part compared to the candles of most other domestic cars. All candles are interchangeable. In different cylinders of the same engine, you can, if necessary, install candles of various (listed above) stamps. car engines «Zhiguli» can also work successfully on A7.5CG spark plugs used in cars «Moskvich-412». In order to get out of a difficult situation, you can temporarily use candles with a thread diameter of 14 mm and with a shorter screw part from cars «Moskvich» models 402, 403, 407 and 408, GAZ-21 and -24, as well as from GAZ-53A and ZIL-130 trucks, which, however, is undesirable, because such candles will work less reliably and the reverse transition after them to candles with an elongated male part can be difficult, since the remaining free part of the candle thread can be covered with a layer of soot (in this case, before installing a candle with an elongated screw-in part, it will be necessary to go through the thread with a tap, and this can lead to chips entering the cylinder and damaging its mirror).
It is acceptable to use appropriate foreign-made candles, but it is useful to know that they do not provide any advantages over domestic ones.
Ignition coils of VAZ cars are interchangeable with coils of any domestic cars (except «Moskvich-400 and -401»).
The ignition capacitors are interchangeable with any other automotive capacitors.
The tenth five-year plan - the five-year plan for quality and efficiency - provides for the further expansion of the car service network for «Zhiguli». Thus, the Volga Automobile Plant made a proposal to build 60 new auto centers in addition to the 30 existing ones. But, as you know, motorists are attracted not only by cities and highways, but also «untrodden paths», on which you have to rely mainly on your own strength. And in general, the ability to independently troubleshoot problems in your car, and even more so to drive with sufficient «margin of safety» can only be beneficial. Therefore, the author wishes you and your «Zhiguli» Bon Voyage.