For a new run-in vehicle in curb condition and with a payload of 320 kg (4 people and 40 kg of cargo in the trunk) wheel alignment angles should have the following values:
- Camber —±30' (-3 to +3 mm)
- Convergence - 0±1 mm
- Pitch angle — 1°30'±30'
Before you start measuring the wheel alignment, you should check: the air pressure in the tires (must comply with the norm), radial and axial runout of wheels (no more than: axial - 1 mm, radial - 0.7 mm), steering wheel free play (no more than 5°), technical condition of suspension units and parts (no deformations, wear of rubber-metal joints, unacceptable settlement of the upper support of the suspension strut and wear of the ball joint). Eliminate detected faults.
Place a fully fueled and equipped vehicle on a level surface and load it with a load of 320 kg (4 people + 40 kg of cargo in the trunk). Make sure that the front wheels are set in a straight ahead position. «Upgrade» suspension of the car, applying 2-3 times a force of 40... 50 kgf, directed from top to bottom, first on the rear, and then on the front bumper.
To check the camber, measure the distance «A» (pic. 73) between the wheel rim and the square. Then roll the car so that the wheels turn 180°and measure the distance «IN». With a properly adjusted camber angle, the size «A» must be larger or smaller «IN» no more than 3 mm. The camber is adjusted with an eccentric bolt 11 (see fig. 69) with loose nuts of the steering knuckle bolts. At the end of the adjustment, tighten the nuts to a torque of 9 kgf·m.
After adjusting the camber, check and, if necessary, adjust the wheel alignment. To do this, measure the distance «WITH» (pic. 73) behind the wheels between points on the rims at the level of their axles. Then roll the car so that the wheels turn 180°and measure the distance «D». If the wheel alignment is set correctly, then the size «WITH» must be equal to the size «D». Otherwise loosen nuts 4 (rice. 76) and, by rotating the adjusting rods 5 by the same amount, set the required convergence. Having completed the adjustment, tighten nuts 4 to a torque of 12...15 kgf·m, after making sure that the plane «WITH» the bottom of tip 2 is parallel to the plane «D» bearing surface of the pivot arm.
The longitudinal angle of inclination of the axis of rotation is checked and adjusted only on the stand. Changing the pitch is done by changing the number of washers 23 (see fig. 69), installed on both shocks of stretch marks 29 of the suspension. To increase the angle of the longitudinal inclination of the axis of rotation, reduce the number of washers on the brace in its front or rear part, and to reduce it, add washers, but only in the rear part, since this is not always possible from the front due to the short threaded part of the brace. When installing or removing one shim, the caster angle of the steering axis changes by approximately 19'. When changing the number of washers on the brace, make sure that the chamfers on the washers face the thrust end of the brace. Failure to comply with this rule may lead to weakening of the fastening of the guy wires.