Contents: Difficulty shifting gears ↓ Spontaneous gear switching off or…↓ Increased noise in the gearbox ↓ Oil leak ↓
Troubleshooting of the gearbox is possible with its partial or complete disassembly. This requires high qualification of the performer and special tools. Therefore, work related to troubleshooting is recommended to be carried out at a service station.
Difficulty shifting gears
Depending on the reasons, the gear shift lever may move with effort when engaging all gears or just one pair (I and II or III and IV).
Causes of the malfunction and ways to eliminate it:
- incomplete disengagement of the clutch. How to act in this case is described in the section "Clutch";
- tight movement of the gear selection rod or shift rods in the holes. It is necessary to remove the rods, if necessary, clean the rod seats, remove burrs, replace deformed rods;
- deformation of the gear shift lever rod. Straighten or replace the rod;
- loosening or deformation of the gear selection mechanism parts. In the first case, tighten the gear selection mechanism mounting bolts; in the second case, replace the deformed parts;
- synchronizer wear (locking rings, clutch tooth ends and synchronizer rings) or damage to synchronizer parts. If the axial clearance between the end face of the locking ring and the end face of the synchronizer toothed ring is 0.6 mm or less, replace the locking ring. No crushing or chipping of the ends of the clutch teeth or synchronizer toothed ring, or other damage that impedes the free movement of the clutch and locking rings are allowed. Replace worn or damaged parts;
- the clamp securing the rod to the gear selector rod is loose or the gear shift drive is not adjusted correctly. In this case, adjust the gear shift drive and then tighten the clamp bolt nut.
The procedure for adjusting the gear shift drive:
- acting from underneath the vehicle, with the clamping bolt 32 (see figure 62) set the gear selection rod 19 to neutral position;
- with the decorative cover raised, position the gear shift lever 38 so that its lower part is perpendicular to the body floor, and the lever handle is located at a distance from the right seat equal to 1/3 of the distance between the seats. In this position, tighten the nut of the clamp clamp bolt 32.
Spontaneous gear switching off or fuzzy gear switching
Causes of the malfunction and ways to eliminate it:
- wear of the balls and rod sockets, loss of elasticity or breakage of the retainer springs. Replace damaged or worn parts;
- wear of synchronizer locking rings. Replace locking rings;
- wear, damage to balls, springs or crackers of synchronizers. Replace damaged or worn parts;
- wear of clutch teeth or synchronizer ring gear. Replace clutch or gear;
- deformation of the gear selector lever. Replace the lever; wear of plastic bushings in the gear selector rod joint. Replace bushings and damaged protective cover;
- increased vibrations of the power unit on the supports due to cracks or delamination of the rubber on the supports. Replace damaged supports;
- gears not engaging due to incorrect adjustment of the gear shift drive. Adjust the drive.
Increased noise in the gearbox
Causes of the malfunction and ways to eliminate it:
- wear of gear teeth and synchronizers. Replace worn parts;
- bearing wear. Replace worn or defective bearings;
- insufficient oil level. Restore the oil level to normal, having first eliminated the causes of the oil leak.
Oil leak
Causes of the malfunction and ways to eliminate it:
- wear of the primary shaft seals, axle shafts, speedometer drive or gear selector rod. Determine the location of the leak, replace the worn seals;
- the crankcase or gearbox cover is loose or the sealing gaskets are damaged. Tighten the bolts and nuts, replace the sealing gaskets.