Anchor
Check with a megohmmeter or a lamp powered by 220 V to see if the anchor winding is shorted to ground. Voltage is supplied through the lamp to the collector plates and to the anchor core. The megohmmeter should not show a resistance of less than 10 kOhm. An anchor that is shorted to ground is replaced.
A special device is used to check whether there are short circuits between the armature winding sections or the collector plates, and whether there are breaks at the soldering point of the winding section leads to the collector plates.
The working surface of the collector is inspected and its runout relative to the shaft journals is checked. The contaminated or burnt surface is cleaned with sandpaper with a grain size of 10 to M40. If the surface damage is significant or its runout is greater than 0.06 mm, the collector is turned on a lathe, removing as little metal as possible. The minimum diameter to which the collector can be turned is 36 mm. After turning, the collector is ground with fine-grained sandpaper.
Check the runout of the core relative to the shaft journals. If it is more than 0.08 mm, replace the anchor. Check the condition of the surfaces of the splines and journals of the anchor shaft. They should not have visible burrs, nicks or wear. If yellow marks from the gear bushing appear on the shaft surface, remove them with sandpaper with a grain size of 10 to M40.
Drive
The gear teeth should not have any chips or pitting. If there are nicks on the entry part of the teeth, they are ground off with a small-diameter grinding wheel with a grain size of 10-16. The gear should easily rotate relative to the clutch hub, but only in the direction of rotation of the anchor when starting the engine. If the drive parts are damaged or significantly worn, the drive is replaced with a new one.
Stator
Check with a megohmmeter or a lamp powered by 220 V to see if the stator winding is shorted to ground. Voltage is supplied through the lamp to the common terminal of the winding and to the starter housing. If the lamp lights up or the megohmmeter shows a resistance of less than 10 kOhm, and also if the winding shows signs of overheating (blackening of insulation), the winding is replaced.
To replace the stator winding coils, remove the poles. Before removing the poles, make marks on the body and poles so that they can be put back in their original position after assembly. It is recommended to heat the winding to about 50°C before installation to make it flexible and facilitate laying on the poles. The poles must be tightened with screws until they stop so that the air gap between the anchor and the poles is maintained at the original dimensions - 0.38 mm when checked with a feeler gauge.
Upon completion of assembly, the internal diameter between the poles is checked, which should be 67.80-67.97 mm. In addition, the concentricity of the housing and poles is checked with a 67.66 mm plug gauge. The gauge should freely enter and rotate between the poles when seated on the inner surface of the housing. If this does not happen, then the assembly was performed incorrectly and is repeated. Boring of the poles is not allowed.
Covers. Check for cracks on the covers. If there are any, replace the covers with new ones. Check the condition of the cover bushings. If they are worn out, replace the covers as a whole or just the bushings. After pressing in, the new bushings are expanded to 0 12.015 + 0.015 mm.
To replace the bushing in the cover on the manifold side, you must first remove the plug, and after pressing the bushing, install the plug in place and punch it at three points.
Check the reliability of the fastening of the brush holders on the cover from the collector side. The brush holders of the positive brushes should not have a short circuit with the "ground".
Traction relay
Check the ease of movement of the relay anchor and the condition of the contacts. If the contacts are burnt, clean them with sandpaper or a flat velvet file. If there is significant carbon deposits at the point of contact with the contact plate, they can be turned 180°.
Check the resistance of the relay winding, the reliability of the connection of its terminals with the "50" plug and "ground", and whether there are any signs of winding overheating. Replace the damaged relay with a new one.
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