Open large image in new tab »
Pic. 23: Rear suspension elements: 1. Lower longitudinal bar. 2. The lower insulating gasket of the suspension spring. 3. The lower support cup of the suspension spring. 4. Buffer compression stroke. 5. Bolt of fastening of the top longitudinal bar. 6. Bracket for fastening the upper longitudinal bar. 7. Suspension spring. 8. Stroke buffer support. 9. The upper clip of the spring gasket. 10. Upper spring seal. 11. The upper support cup of the suspension spring. 12. Rack of the pressure regulator drive lever. 13. Rubber bushing of the pressure regulator drive lever. 14. Shock absorber stud washer. 15. Rubber bushings shock absorber eyes. 16. Rear shock absorber mounting bracket. 17. Additional compression stroke buffer. 18. Spacer washer. 19. Spacer sleeve of the lower longitudinal rod. 20. Rubber bushing of the lower longitudinal rod. 21. Bracket for fastening the lower longitudinal rod. 22. Bracket for fastening the upper longitudinal rod to the rear axle beam. 23. Spacer sleeve transverse and longitudinal rods. 24. Rubber bushing of the upper longitudinal and transverse rods. 25. Rear shock absorber. 26. An arm of fastening of a cross bar to a body. 27. Brake pressure regulator. 28. Protective cover of the pressure regulator. 29. The axis of the pressure regulator drive lever. 30. Pressure regulator mounting bolts. 31. Lever drive pressure regulator. 32. Cage support sleeve lever. 33. Support sleeve. 34. Cross bar. 35. Base plate of the cross bar mounting bracket.
The suspension of the rear wheels is dependent, since both wheels are connected to the body by a rear axle beam, which is attached to the body with four longitudinal and one transverse rods. Longitudinal rods transmit pushing and braking forces from the wheels to the body, and the transverse rod keeps the body from lateral displacement. The beam assembled with the rods constitute the suspension guide.
Both longitudinal and transverse rods are pivotally connected at one end to the body brackets, and at the other end to the brackets of the rear axle beam. Each rod is made of a steel pipe, to the flattened ends of which heads are welded. The rod heads have cone-shaped holes into which rubber-metal hinges are pressed. Swivel joints are identical in design, differ only in size. Each hinge consists of a rubber bushing 24, in the hole of which a metal bushing 23 is installed, through which the rod fastening bolt passes. The front heads of the longitudinal rods are bolted with self-locking nuts to the body brackets. The rear heads of these rods, as well as the heads of the lower longitudinal rods, are fastened with bolts with nuts and spring washers. Brackets for fastening the parking brake cable are welded to the lower longitudinal bars.
When tightening the nuts for fastening the rods, the spacer bushings 19 and 23 are tightly fitted to the cheeks of the brackets, which does not allow the spacer bushings to rotate on the fastening bolts. Rubber bushings 20 and 24 also cannot rotate in the rod heads, as they have a tight fit in them. To prevent premature wear of the hinges of the rods, they are tightened with a torque of 80 Nm (8 kgf·m) at a load that provides a distance of 125 mm from the housing of the rear axle beam to the body side member.
When the body or the rear axle beam oscillates, the rods swing due to the elastic deformation of the bushings without their slipping. Rubber bushings provide quiet operation of the suspension and do not require lubrication.
The elastic element of the suspension are springs 7 installed between the body and the rear axle beam. The lower end of the spring rests against the lower support cup 3 through a plastic insulating gasket 2. The support cup is welded to the rear axle beam. The upper end of the spring rests against the upper support cup 11 welded to the body. A rubber gasket 10 is installed between the support cup and the spring, located in a stamped steel cage 9. Insulating gaskets 10 and 2 reduce the transmission of noise and vibrations from the rear axle beam to the body.
Rear suspension springs under load 2950 N (295 kgf) are divided into two groups: A - length more than 273 mm, B - length equal to or less than 273 mm. Group A springs are marked with yellow paint on the outer side of the coils, and group B - green.
Group A springs must be installed on both suspensions. In exceptional cases, group B springs can be installed on the rear suspension, but only group A springs must be installed on the front suspension.
The damping suspension device consists of two double-acting hydraulic shock absorbers. Each shock absorber is attached with one head to the body bracket, the other to the rear axle beam bracket. Two rubber bushings 15 are installed in the shock absorber heads. In the lower head, steel bushings pass through the hole in the rubber bushings, which are clamped between two steel washers.
When the suspension oscillates, the shock absorber hinges are elastically deformed and, like other hinged joints of this type, are not lubricated.
The upward movement of the rear axle beam is limited by two main buffers 4 of the compression stroke and an additional 17. The main buffer of the compression stroke is located inside the spring and is fixed by a mushroom nipple in the upper support cup. The additional buffer is fixed in the same way on the bracket, which is bolted to the bottom of the body. During the compression stroke, the main buffers rest against the lower support cups 3, an additional one against the platform of the rear axle beam. The suspension compression stroke is 75 mm, and the recoil is 135 mm.
The torsion lever 31 of the pressure regulator drive is pivotally attached to the bracket of the rear axle beam through the rack 12. The supports for the lever 31 are: on the one hand, the clip 32 with the support sleeve 33, fixed to the cross member of the floor of the body, on the other hand, the axle 29, which is installed in the holes of the lugs of the pressure regulator housing 27. A short arm of the lever 31 passes through the radial hole of the axle 29. For fixing this lever arm, a plate is used, through the hole of which the lever 31 passes, and the plate itself is bolted to the end of the axle 29. With this connection of the parts, the lever 31 rotates together with the axle and the plate relative to the axle holes. The cavity of the pressure regulator is closed with a rubber protective cover 28. The suspension of the rear wheels of VAZ vehicles is unified for all models, with the exception of front-wheel drive. In addition, the rear suspension of cars "station wagon" equipped with stiffer springs.
Wheels, tires. The car uses disc, stamped wheels with a rim size of 127J-330 (5J-13), which are fastened with four bolts: front to the wheel hub, rear to the axle shaft flange. To center the wheel disc relative to the holes for the mounting bolts, two guide pins are screwed into the front wheel hub and into the axle shaft, which, when mounting the wheel, go into the holes of the disc. The guide pins simultaneously attach the brake disc and its clamping ring to the front wheel hub, and the brake drum to the axle shaft flange.
On the peripheral part of the disk, on the border with the rim, four elongated windows are stamped for ventilation of the brake mechanisms. A deep profile rim with an asymmetric recess for the tire is welded to the side of the wheel disk by spot welding. The rim has a hole for the chamber valve, and the dimensions in inches are marked on the bottom of the rim recess (5J -13), manufacturer (VAZ) and month and year of manufacture (figures). Radial tires, size 175/70R-13 (model IN-25) or 165/80R-13 (model MI-166). The first digit indicates the width of the tire in mm (175 or 165), numbers behind the sign "fraction" is the percentage of the height of the profile to its width (70 or 80%), R - the radial structure of the tire, when the cords in the plies of the carcass are located radially along the tire profile, from one side to the other, 13 is the tire diameter in inches. If the letter S is entered into the tire marking, then it indicates the maximum speed for this tire (180 km/h).
The air pressure in tires size 175 / 70R-13 should be at the front wheels 1.7 kgf / cm2, rear wheels 2.0 kgf/cm2, and for tires with a size of 165 / 80R-13, respectively, 1.6 kgf / cm2, and 1.9 kgf/cm2.
The unbalance of tires assembled with wheels should not exceed 2600 g mm. The imbalance is checked on special stands and eliminated by balancing weights, which are held on the rim by special springs.