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Pic. 14. Clutch release drive.
1. The main cylinder of the clutch release drive; 2. Brake master cylinder; 3. Vacuum amplifier; 4. Bracket for clutch and brake pedals; 5. Internal bushings for clutch and brake pedals; 6. Servo spring hook; 7. Remote sleeve; 8. Axis of pedals; 9. Outer bushings for clutch and brake pedals; 10. Brake pedal release spring; 11. Servo spring; 12. Tank stopper; 13. Cork reflector; 14. Reservoir of the main cylinder; 15. Brake pedal; 16. Release spring of the clutch pedal; 17. Limiting screw of the clutch pedal travel; 18. Clutch pedal; 19. Clutch pedal release spring plate; 20. Pusher; 21. Plug of the main cylinder body; 22. Main cylinder body; 23. Piston spring; 24. Master cylinder piston; 25. Lock washer; 26. Fitting; 27. Fitting gasket; 28. Sealant; 29. Pusher piston; 30. Retaining ring; 31. Protective cap; 32. Flywheel; 33. Driven disk; 34. Pressure plate; 35. Pressure spring; 36. Clutch cover; 37. Clutch release bearing; 38. Gearbox input shaft; 39. Plug of the body of the working cylinder; 40. Fitting; 41. The body of the working cylinder; 42. Clutch release fork pusher; 43. Piston; 44. Piston spring support plate; 45. Spring; 46. Spring support washer; 47. Ball joint of the clutch release fork; 48. Clutch release fork; 49. Adjusting nut; 50. Locknut; 51. Compression spring retainer; I. Scheme of the hydraulic clutch.
1. The main cylinder of the clutch release drive; 2. Brake master cylinder; 3. Vacuum amplifier; 4. Bracket for clutch and brake pedals; 5. Internal bushings for clutch and brake pedals; 6. Servo spring hook; 7. Remote sleeve; 8. Axis of pedals; 9. Outer bushings for clutch and brake pedals; 10. Brake pedal release spring; 11. Servo spring; 12. Tank stopper; 13. Cork reflector; 14. Reservoir of the main cylinder; 15. Brake pedal; 16. Release spring of the clutch pedal; 17. Limiting screw of the clutch pedal travel; 18. Clutch pedal; 19. Clutch pedal release spring plate; 20. Pusher; 21. Plug of the main cylinder body; 22. Main cylinder body; 23. Piston spring; 24. Master cylinder piston; 25. Lock washer; 26. Fitting; 27. Fitting gasket; 28. Sealant; 29. Pusher piston; 30. Retaining ring; 31. Protective cap; 32. Flywheel; 33. Driven disk; 34. Pressure plate; 35. Pressure spring; 36. Clutch cover; 37. Clutch release bearing; 38. Gearbox input shaft; 39. Plug of the body of the working cylinder; 40. Fitting; 41. The body of the working cylinder; 42. Clutch release fork pusher; 43. Piston; 44. Piston spring support plate; 45. Spring; 46. Spring support washer; 47. Ball joint of the clutch release fork; 48. Clutch release fork; 49. Adjusting nut; 50. Locknut; 51. Compression spring retainer; I. Scheme of the hydraulic clutch.
The clutch and brake pedals are suspended from the bracket 4 on the same axis 8, made in the form of a bolt. A thrust washer is installed under its head, and a nut with a spring washer is screwed onto its end. External plastic bushings 9 are installed in the pedal hubs.
The rotation of the pedals occurs on the inner metal bushings 5, put on the axle. A distance plastic sleeve 7 is installed between the brake pedal and the cheek of the bracket.
The clutch pedal is pivotally connected to the pusher 20 and the release spring plate 19. They are held on the finger with a cotter pin. The retractable spring 16 holds the clutch pedal in its original position, in which the pedal rests against the cap of the pedal stroke limiter 17. The other end of the pusher enters the piston seat 29 of the master cylinder. The pedal stroke limiter regulates the gap between the hemispherical end of the pusher and the piston 29. A bracket is welded to the upper end of the pedal, into the cutout of which hook 6 enters; the other end of the hook is connected to the servo spring 11. The servo spring tends to turn the upper part of the pedal in the direction of disengaging the clutch, which significantly reduces the force applied to the clutch pedal.
The master cylinder 1 of the clutch release actuator is attached with two studs to the end plate of the pedal bracket. The vacuum booster 3 with the master cylinder 2 of the brake drive is attached to the same plate. Two pistons 24 and 29 and a return spring 23 are installed in the cavity of the main cylinder. It abuts with one end against the plug 21, with the other against the shoulder of the piston 24 and serves to return the pistons to their original position. Due to the installation of two pistons, the radial loads on the piston 24 are reduced when the pusher 20 acts on the piston 29, and the sealing of the pistons is also improved, since the sealing ring 28 is compressed between them. The master cylinder piston is sealed with a rubber ring, which is located in the piston groove and creates tightness in working cavity of the cylinder. In order to simultaneously improve the sealing of the piston as the pressure in the working cavity increases, an axial channel is made in its shank, connecting with radial holes that open into the groove of the sealing ring. When the pressure in the working cavity of the cylinder increases, then under its influence the sealing ring expands along the radius, i.e., it fits more closely to the cylinder mirror. At the same time, the sealing ring is a valve through which the cylinder cavity communicates with the tank 14. This occurs at the rearmost position of the pistons, when the sealing ring does not block the compensation hole in the cylinder body. All parts are held in the cylinder cavity by a retaining ring 30. The protective cap 31 protects the cylinder cavity from contamination. A pipeline is fixed in the holes of the cylinder body, which drains fluid from the main cylinder to the working one, and fitting 26, connected by a hose to the hydraulic drive reservoir. The fitting 26 in the socket of the body is sealed with a rubber gasket 27 and fastened with a lock washer 25.
Slave cylinder 32 (see fig. 13) the clutch release actuator is attached with two bolts to the clutch housing 13. The upper bolt simultaneously secures the release spring plate 33, which returns the clutch release fork to its original position. Piston 43 is located in the cylinder body (see fig. 14) with two sealing rings. The rear ring 28 is installed in the piston groove, the front ring is constantly pressed through the support plate 44 by the spring 45 to the end surface of the piston. The other end of the spring rests against the support washer 46, which is held on the piston shank by a retaining ring. The working cavity of the cylinder communicates with the groove of the sealing ring through the axial channel and radial holes, which ensures a tighter fit of the ring to the cylinder mirror when the clutch is released, when fluid pressure is created in the working cavity. A plug 39 is screwed into the body, into the hole of which a hose tip is screwed. A fitting 40 is screwed into the tide of the body for pumping the clutch drive.
The tank 14 is fixed on the bracket of the front end of the body. It is made of translucent plastic, which makes it easy to check the liquid level in it. The stopper 12 of the tank has a corrugated rubber reflector 13, which protects the cavity of the tank from contamination and is a liquid damper. In addition, the reflector does not allow direct contact of liquid with air, which increases its service life. The cavity of the tank is connected to the atmosphere through a hole in the plug. When the liquid level in the tank decreases, the air pressure above the reflector eliminates the vacuum that occurs in the tank. At the bottom of the tank there is a fitting on which a hose is fixed for supplying fluid to the cavity of the master cylinder.
When the clutch is engaged and the driver does not act on the clutch pedal, there is a gap of 1.5-2 mm between the clutch release bearing and the thrust flange lining. The pressure spring 35, due to its elasticity, presses on the annular protrusion of the pressure plate and presses it against the driven disk 33, which is pressed against the surface of the flywheel. Due to the forces of friction between the discs, the torque is transmitted through the transmission units to the drive wheels of the vehicle.
When the clutch is disengaged, the force from the pedal through the pusher is transmitted to the pistons 29 and 24, which, moving, create pressure, and the liquid through the tube and hose enters the cavity of the working cylinder, creating pressure on the piston 43. The piston through the pusher and adjusting nut 49 transmits the force to fork 48. Turning on the ball bearing 47, the fork moves the bearing sleeve 37 to release the clutch. Initially, the clearance between the bearing and the friction ring of the thrust flange is selected. This ends the free travel of the clutch pedal, equal to 25-35 mm. With further pedal travel, the thrust flange presses on the petals of the pressure spring, which, bending on the support rings, pulls the pressure disk 34 from the driven disk 33 through the clamps 51, after which the transmission of torque to the input shaft of the gearbox stops.
When the clutch pedal is released, the parts of the main and working cylinders and the pedal itself return to their original position under the action of return springs. The pressure in the drive system drops, and the pressure plate, under the action of the elasticity of the pressure spring, presses the driven disc against the surface of the flywheel.