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Pic. 17. Clutch drive: 1. Clutch pedal; 2. Rope; 3. Clip rubber buffer cable; 4. Upper tip of the cable sheath; 5. Rope sheath; 6. Lower tip of the cable sheath; 7. An arm of fastening of the bottom tip of a cable; 8. Plate for fastening the tip of the cable; 9. Protective cover; 10. Rope leash; 11. Adjusting nuts; 12. Vacuum amplifier; 13. The main cylinder of the hydraulic drive of the brakes; 14. Reservoir of the main cylinder; 15. Arm of the vacuum amplifier; 16. Bracket for clutch and brake pedals; 17. Locking bracket; 18. Axis of pedals; 19. Brake pedal release spring; 20. Release spring of the clutch pedal; 21 Distance sleeve; 22. Brake pedal.
Clutch drive mechanical cable. The clutch and brake pedals are suspended from the bracket 16 on a common axis 18. The pedal bracket is welded to the front panel and to the air intake box. Each of the pedals is mounted on an axle on two plastic bushings installed in the pedal hubs. A plastic spacer sleeve 21 is installed between the brake pedal and the cheek of the bracket on the axle. The clutch pedal is located on the axis between the cheek of the bracket and the thrust washer installed under the head of the pedal axle. The axle is held in the bracket by a locking bracket 17. The upper end of the pedal is connected by a finger to the cable 2, which is located in the shell 5, at both ends of which the tips are fixed. The upper tip 4 is located in a rubber buffer, and it, in turn, is in a steel cage 3. The buffer end rests against the socket of the front end of the body, and the buffer shank goes into the opening of the front end, which ensures that the buffer is fixed in the socket. The lower tip 6 of the cable sheath is clamped in the socket of the bracket 7 of the gearbox with two nuts 11 and is fixed with a plate 8. The pedal stroke is adjusted with the nuts 11. The end of the cable is connected to the leash 10. into the slot of which the hook of the clutch release fork lever enters. The hook of the lever covers the finger of the leash. The exposed part of the cable is covered with a protective cover 9.
Clutch work. The clutch is of a permanently closed type, i.e. always on. In this case, the clutch pedal 1 is pulled to its original position by the spring 19 until the clutch release bearing stops against the petals of the pressure spring. The driven disc is clamped between the surfaces of the flywheel and the pressure plate under the action of the pressure spring. Due to the friction forces between the surfaces of the discs, the torque from the flywheel and the pressure plate is transmitted to the driven disc and through the damper parts to the hub of the driven disc and to the gearbox input shaft.
To disengage the clutch, press the pedal 1, which rotates on the axis 18 and pulls the cable with its upper shoulder. Moving in the shell, the cable through the leash and the lever turns the clutch release fork. The fork moves a clutch with a clutch release bearing along the guide sleeve, which presses on the petals of the pressure spring, and it bends on the casing support rings. In this case, the outer edge of the spring stops pressing on the pressure plate and the driven disc moves slightly away from the surface of the flywheel. The transmission of torque to the driven disk is stopped.
Due to the backlash-free drive, the full travel of the clutch pedal is reduced and the clutch is released more clearly, thereby improving the operating conditions of the gearbox synchronizers.
When the pedal is released, it returns to its original position under the force of spring 19, and the clutch release bearing stops pressing on the petals of the pressure spring, so it takes its original shape. Applying pressure, it moves the pressure plate towards the flywheel. When you press the driven disk, its wavy surface gradually becomes flat, allowing the disk to first slip, as a result of which the clutch engages smoothly. In this case, the torque from the flywheel is transmitted to the casing and the pressure plate and, due to friction forces, to the driven disc, then from it through the damper parts to the hub of the driven disc and through the spline connection to the input shaft of the gearbox.
The torsional vibrations of the engine crankshaft are absorbed by the damper friction element and springs. When the torque changes, the driven disk, together with the damper plates, moves relative to the hub. In this case, friction occurs between the surface of the hub and the friction rings, the springs are compressed, transmitting torque to the hub. The compression stroke of the springs depends on the magnitude of the transmitted torque. The rotation of the driven disk with the damper plates relative to the hub is limited by the fingers resting in the horseshoe cutouts of the hub, after which the compression of the springs stops.
In a clutch with a backlash-free drive, in the initial position of the pedal, the clutch release bearing rests against the petals of the pressure spring, which causes them to rotate together. When the clutch is disengaged, the working stroke immediately begins, as a result of which the amount of full pedal travel is reduced. The full pedal travel should be 125-130 mm. It is regulated by nuts 11, which change the length of the lower branch of the cable. During the operation of the car, due to wear of the lining of the driven disk, the full travel of the clutch pedal increases (the pedal goes up). The maximum allowable pedal travel must not exceed 160 mm.
The clutch release bearing of the backlash-free drive is self-aligning with built-in protective washers. Its constant contact with the diaphragm spring not only reduces the pedal travel, but also increases the wear resistance of the pair, the pressure spring petals and the clutch release bearing inner race
On cars manufactured before 1986, a mechanical clutch release drive was also installed with a gap between the clutch release bearing and the pressure spring petals and with a servo mechanism.