Store lubricants and flammable substances in unbreakable containers on the floor or on shelves with flanges. If gasoline or thinner is spilled, do not turn on or off the light to avoid ignition from a spark between the switch contacts (turn off electric motors and heaters immediately); ventilate the room. Cover spilled oil with sand. Store oiled rags separately, preferably in a metal box - risk of fire! To illuminate the room, if possible, use weatherproof (sealed) lamps, fluorescent lamps. It is also desirable to have a low voltage network (up to 36 V) for work on the street and on an uninsulated floor, in a pit, etc.
Use welding cylinders only with regular reducers. It is strictly forbidden to lubricate the valve of the oxygen cylinder or bring oily rags to it - this can cause an explosion.
When working with gas welding, goggles with dark glasses are required. For electric welding, you need a mask with a special light filter. Glasses with transparent lenses or a mask are required when working with a cutting machine («grinder»), electric grinder, desirable for drilling and plumbing work.
Have a fire extinguisher handy while welding (better than carbon dioxide). Before electric welding, disconnect all electronic control units from the vehicle's on-board network, and «mass» Place the welding wire contact as close as possible to the welding point.
Ensure that current does not pass through moving parts (bearings, ball bearings) or threaded connections - they can be damaged.
When repairing circuits of electrical equipment or the risk of damage to them (welding, straightening near wiring harnesses) disconnect the terminal «minus» battery.
Do not open the radiator cap on a hot engine - burns are possible. Do not disconnect while the engine is running (as well as with the ignition on) wires and devices of the ignition system - electric shock is possible. To avoid a fire, do not disassemble the power supply system and its components and do not check the pressure in the fuel rail of the VAZ-21214 engine until the exhaust manifold has cooled down.
Keep your fingers away from rotating drives, electric fan blades of the engine cooling system (perform all work with them only when the power supply circuit of the electric motors is de-energized). When working near an aluminum radiator, be careful - its plates are very sharp. It is advisable to wear leather gloves or cover the radiator with a piece of cardboard or plywood.
When working in the engine compartment, thermal burns can be obtained from the radiator, thermostat, cylinder head, exhaust manifold, downpipe, spilled coolant (or jets of steam).
Do not use a defective tool: open end wrenches with «revealed» jaws or wrinkled jaws, rounded or twisted screwdrivers, pliers with loose plastic handles, hammers with a loose handle, etc. To protect hands from cuts and bruises during «power» operations wear gloves (better leather). It is preferable to pull the key towards yourself than to press it - this way there is less risk of injury.
To lift the car, if possible, use rhombic or hydraulic jacks instead of standard ones - they are more stable and reliable. Raising or lowering the car (on a jack or lift), never be under it.
First make sure that the corresponding load-bearing elements of the body (floor reinforcements, thresholds) strong enough. Use only standard support points to lift the vehicle. It is forbidden to hang the car on two or more jacks - use commercially made stands. It is forbidden to load or unload the vehicle while it is on a jack (get into it, remove or install the engine, suspension springs, etc.), if there are people under it. When repairing a car with a removed engine (power unit) keep in mind that the weight distribution along the axes has changed: when hanging on a jack, such a car may fall. Work only on a flat, non-slip area, place stops under the wheels that are not jacked up.
When the engine is running, carbon monoxide is released - a poisonous gas without color and odor. You can even get poisoned by it in an open garage, so before starting the engine, ensure that the exhaust gases are forced out of the garage. In its absence, start the engine for a short time, putting a piece of hose on the exhaust pipe - while the exhaust system and its connection to the hose must be tight!
Waste engine and transmission oils contain carcinogenic compounds. Wipe oily hands with a rag, then wipe with a special «hand cleaner» (or sunflower oil) and wash with warm soapy water. Do not wash oily hands with hot water - harmful substances easily penetrate the skin! Wipe hands soaked in gasoline with a clean rag and wash with soap and water.
Coolant and brake fluid, if ingested, can cause poisoning. If this happens, you should immediately induce vomiting, rinse the stomach, in case of severe poisoning, take a saline laxative, consult a doctor. If liquids get on your hands, wash them off with plenty of water.
The electrolyte that gets on the skin causes burning, redness. Wash it off with plenty of cold water (you can't wash it off with soap!), then wash your hands with a solution of baking soda or ammonia. Remember that sulfuric acid, even in small concentrations, destroys organic fibers - take care of your clothes! When working with a battery (electrolyte is almost always present on its surface) wear goggles, protective clothing and rubber gloves.
Gasoline, oils, rubber products, plastics and brake fluid, lead batteries are extremely slowly recycled in nature. Take care of the environment, take care of your health!