In addition to the dimensions on the tire, the basic data about the tire is applied: model (EX-85), date of manufacture, manufacturer's index and serial number of the tire. For example, 103M701215, where 10 is the tenth week, 3 is 1983, M is the Moscow Tire Plant, 1701215 is the tire number. In addition to these data, a mark is made on the tire in the form of a circle with a diameter of 5...10 mm. It shows the position of the valve that aligns the heavy tube site with the light tire section to prevent tire imbalance. Only with the correct assembly of the tire can the wheel be well balanced with the help of balancing weights.
Steel cord breaker provides greater rigidity of the tire tread, which leads to more uniform wear around the entire circumference (without «patchy wear»). Radial tires with steel cord improve the traction and economic performance of the car, as their design reduces rolling resistance. The speed of the car is increased and fuel consumption is reduced. In addition, these tires improve vehicle handling and have longer warranty and service mileage.
Such tires have their own characteristics in operation, which should be remembered. First of all, this is strict observance of the norm of tire pressure. This requirement applies to all tyres, but especially to radial tyres, as their sidewalls are more flexible than bias-ply tyres, and they deform more noticeably, leading to driver confusion. Therefore, before pumping up a tire, it is necessary to check the pressure with a pressure gauge. Otherwise, you can pump the tire over the norm, which will lead to an increase in its rigidity. In this case, when driving a car, especially on unpaved roads (gravel, broken asphalt road, etc.), shock loads increase. And since the thickness of the sub-groove layer of rubber in the tread pattern is small, the likelihood of tread delamination and destruction of the breaker increases. It is especially dangerous to drive fast on a broken road.
Under reduced pressure in a tire, its sidewalls quickly collapse. Due to the thin sidewall thickness of radial tires, special care must be taken when approaching the pavement so as not to damage the tire on a curb, driving over bumps, or pulling onto the side of the road.
Thus, in order for a radial tire to give a noticeable increase in mileage, it is necessary not only to strictly follow the rules for its operation, but also to handle it carefully.
Tires assembled with a wheel are balanced on special stands. The imbalance is eliminated by balancing weights, which are held on the rim by special springs. The pressure in the tires of the front and rear wheels should be: for tires 165 / 70R13 - 2 kgf / cm2, for tires 155 / 80R13 and 175 / 70R13 - 1.9 kgf / cm2.
The condition of the tires primarily affects traffic safety, fuel consumption and vehicle patency. To maximize the life of tires, it is important to follow the basic rules of operation. Premature tire wear depends on the driving style, violation of wheel alignment and tire pressure norms, imbalance of wheels and the technical condition of the car, and above all wheel suspensions and the brake system.
When driving a car, you should avoid intense acceleration and sudden braking, sharp turns at high speeds, collisions with curbs and other sharp objects that create large concentrated loads on the tires. Do not park the car in places where fuels and lubricants are spilled, and leave the car open for a long time in the sun. When replacing, it is necessary to install tires recommended by the manufacturer, and select the tread pattern depending on the road conditions of the vehicle.