The windshield wiper is located in the engine compartment, on the left side in the direction of vehicle travel, and the RS-514 relay, designed to provide intermittent operation, is installed under the instrument panel on the left side and is attached to the body with two screws.
1. Windscreen wiper motor does not work, fuse does not blow:
- a) the electric motor power wires are damaged or the wire tips are oxidized. The windshield wiper motor is powered by the battery (remember that the windshield wiper works even when the engine is not running). The source and consumer wires are connected using a block with four plug connectors. To eliminate damage or oxidation, it is necessary to carefully inspect the wiring, plug connection, clean the tips and eliminate the break;
- b) the windshield wiper switch is damaged. Usually the switch is not repaired, but replaced. Using a thin screwdriver, pry the switch and remove the entire three-key unit from the socket, disconnect the wires and install a new switch;
- c) the electric motor brushes are stuck, the commutator is heavily oxidized. The plant recommends replacing a failed electric motor with a new one. The only repair operations allowed are replacing the gearbox pinion and cleaning the commutator. Some car enthusiasts have also mastered the operation of replacing the brushes.
To perform repair work, the windshield wiper must be removed from the car. The dismantling procedure is as follows: remove the windshield wiper blades with levers; unscrew the nuts of the lever axles with the mounting bushings; unscrew the nuts securing the electric motor bracket and remove the electric motor complete with levers; disconnect the lever system from the electric motor.
On VAZ cars, the windscreen wipers are equipped with an electric motor (Fig. 71) ME241. The worm gear is assembled in one unit with it. To disassemble the electric motor, it is necessary to unscrew the screws securing cover 1 of the gearbox and remove it together with panel 2, unscrew the screws securing housing 4 of the gearbox to the electric motor housing and disconnect them. Then you can take out anchor 8. Having disassembled the electric motor, you should blow it with compressed air, and then deal with the brushes and the commutator. Brushes 7 should move freely without jamming in brush holders 6. The springs should be intact and elastic. If the commutator is oxidized, it should be cleaned with fine-grained sandpaper, and then wiped with a clean rag lightly greased with technical petroleum jelly. At the same time, you should inspect for signs of jamming on the journals of the anchor shaft. If there are any, they also need to be sanded down.
The electric motor must be assembled carefully, the brushes must be moved away from the collector in time, otherwise they can be broken. When installing the anchor 8, do not touch the poles to avoid their deformation. After assembly, to center the bearings, you should tap the body with a wooden hammer;
- d) the motor lead and armature winding are broken (which happens very rarely). Electric motors with such faults are replaced.
2. The windshield wiper motor does not work, the fuse burns out. This usually happens for two reasons: if there is a short circuit in the armature winding, and then the motor is replaced; if the windshield wiper arms were bent due to carelessness and began to touch the body and create a lot of resistance. The arms are removed, straightened, and the defect disappears.
3. The windshield wiper motor works, but the brushes do not move. The defect occurs when the teeth of gear 3 of the reducer are broken or the crank is loosely fastened to the axis of gear 5 of the reducer. To eliminate both of these faults, the windshield wiper motor must be disassembled, although partially. It is enough to remove the gearbox cover together with the panel on which the gear is installed. To remove the gear, it is necessary to unscrew the crank mounting nut (the very same nut, due to which the brushes may not work), remove the retaining ring from the axle and remove the axle with the gear and washers from the housing. Reassemble in the reverse order.