Pic. 156. Interior heater:
1 - heater control damper lever; 2 - left heater casing; 3 - thrust damper for heating the legs; 4 - radiator seal; 5 - heater radiator: 6 - heater seal; 7 - electric motor; 8 - fan casings: 9 - impeller; 10 - damper for heating the windshield; 11 - windshield heating air duct; 12 - air duct side nozzle; 13 - side nozzle; 14 - windshield heating damper rod; 15 - central nozzles; 16 - damper for heating the legs; 17 - right casing of the heater; 18 - heater control handle; 19 - crane control rod; 20 - thrust of the heater control damper; 21 - air supply handle on the windshield; 22 - handle for supplying air to the legs of the driver and passengers; 23 - bracket for control levers; 24 - bracket for fastening the heater casings; 25 - air duct for internal ventilation; 26 - window in the heater casing; 27 - heater control damper; 28 - foot warmer damper lever.
Outside air enters under the rear edge of the hood into the air box in front of the windshield. Rainwater in the air intake box is separated by a plastic water deflector, flows to the bottom of the box, and from there into the engine compartment through two rubber valves. Elastic valves do not allow air leakage from the engine compartment.
The air heated in the heater is sent to the passenger compartment through a system of air ducts, which are attached from below to the instrument panel, and through the air duct 25 of the internal ventilation. The air ducts under the panel are sealed with gaskets.
The heater consists of right 17 and left 2 plastic casings, which are connected along the perimeter by fastening brackets 24. To seal the casings, a special tourniquet is laid in the grooves. In the casings there are a number of partitions and shutters. The latter provide the necessary degree of mixing of the air heated in the radiator 5 and directing it to the desired area of the cabin.
For forced air supply to the passenger compartment, an electric fan is tilted on top of the heater with two screws. It can also be removed from the side of the engine compartment, after disconnecting the wires. The electric fan consists of two plastic casings 8, to which an electric motor 7 of type 45.3730 is attached. The impeller 9 of the fan is installed on its shaft. To obtain the required speed of the impeller, there is an additional resistor, which is fastened with a screw on the left side into the hole in the heater casing 2. Two coils of the resistor provide three speeds of rotation of the impeller: the first - when both coils are turned on, the second - when one coil is turned on, and the third, the maximum (up to 4000 rpm) - when the motor is turned on without resistors.
Radiator 13 (pic. 157) air heating is installed in casings 10 and 18 of the heater, fastened with three screws to the right casing and sealed with polyurethane foam gasket 12. The heater radiator consists of two rows of tubes, cooling plates and two plastic tanks. Tubes and cooling plates are made of aluminium. To increase the heat transfer of the radiator, polypropylene turbulators are inserted into the tubes, which do not allow laminar movement of the liquid.
Pic. 157. Heater details:
1 - elastic sleeve: 2 - spring nut; 3 - left fan casing; 4 - electric motor: 5 - impeller; 6 - right fan casing: 7 - windshield heating damper; 8 - damper for heating the legs of the driver and passengers; 9 - heater control damper; 10 - right heater casing; 11 - bracket for fastening the heater casings; 12 - radiator gasket; 13 - radiator; 14 - clamp; 15 - supply hose; 16 - outlet hose; 17 - heater valve; 18 - left heater cover; 19 - resistor; 20 - sealing cover; 21 - support for the axis of the heater control damper.
The right radiator tank has two branch pipes, which are connected by rubber hoses 15 and 16 to the heater tap 17. The tightness of the hose connection is achieved by tightening screw clamps 14.
The heater tap is fastened with two nuts on the front panel. In the place where the crane is attached, the interior of the body is sealed from the engine compartment with a special sealant. The heater tap is also connected to the cooling system with rubber hoses. The circulation of liquid through the heater radiator is carried out by the cooling system pump. Tap (pic. 158) consists of a plastic body 3 with two pairs of nozzles. In the valve body, on the side of the supply line, a plate valve 2 of the valve with a hole for passing the coolant is installed on the axis. Lever 9 of the valve is connected by a rod to the lever of the air heating control handle. When lever 9 is turned, the hole in valve 2 opens the line for fluid to enter the heater radiator.
Pic. 158. Heater tap:
1 - hose for supplying liquid to the heater radiator; 2 - valve; 5 - crane body; 4 - valve fastening nut; 5 - shell with a crane control rod; 6 - bracket for fastening the thrust shell; 7 - hose for supplying fluid to the heater tap; 8 - hose for draining liquid from the tap; 9 - valve lever; 10 - hose for draining fluid from the heater radiator.
The heater is controlled by three handles 13 (pic. 159), 14 and 15, the levers of which are mounted on the axes of a plastic bracket fastened with four screws to the instrument panel. On the passenger side, the bracket is closed with a lining with the corresponding symbols for the positions of the heater and ventilation control knobs. To avoid spontaneous movement of the handles, their levers on the axles are pressed by friction washers. The handles are placed on the ends of the levers and are fixed by punching. To remove the handles, it is necessary to first bend the upper part at the junction with the lever with a thin sharp tool at the upper handles, and the lower part at the bottom. The levers of the handles are connected by rods 16, 17, 18 and 19 to the drive levers of the corresponding dampers and to the lever of the heater valve 4. The ends of the shells of the rods are fastened with brackets on the bracket of the control levers, heater casings and the valve body.
Pic. 159. Scheme of the heater:
1 - heater control damper; 2 - hoses for connecting the heater radiator; 3 - hose connecting the tap with the cooling system; 4 - crane; 5 - radiator; 6 - heater seal; 7 - electric fan; 8 - windshield heating air duct; 9 - damper for heating the windshield; 10 - damper for heating the legs; 11 - damper of the central nozzle; 12 - central nozzles; 13 - air supply handle on the windshield; 14 - handle for supplying air to the legs of the driver and passengers; 1 5 - heater control handle; 16 - windshield heating damper rod; 17 - thrust of the damper for heating the legs; 18 - thrust of the heater control handle; 19 - crane control rod; 20 - window in the heater casing; 21 - air duct for internal ventilation.
The air heating control handle 15 acts through the rods 19 and 18 on the valve lever 4 and the damper control lever 1 of the heater control. When the handle 15 is fully moved to the right, valve 4 and damper 1 open, air will be supplied by an electric fan 7 to the heater radiator 5, through which the heated liquid is driven. In the middle position of the handle 15, the valve and damper 1 will be in intermediate positions, in which air will pass both through the radiator and bypassing it. This ensures the required degree of air heating more reliably. At the extreme position of the handle 15, the valve 4 of the heater and the damper 1 of the heater control are closed, as a result of which the air supplied to the passenger compartment will not be heated.
The upper left handle 14 for supplying air to the legs of the driver and passengers is connected by a rod 17 to the damper lever 10. When the handle is moved to the left, the damper for heating the legs opens, the air is directed from the heater casings to the window 20 on the left and right sides to the legs of the driver and passenger located on the front seats, as well as through the air duct 21 of the internal ventilation to the legs of the passengers in the rear seat.
The handle 13 for supplying air to the windshield is connected by a rod 16 to the damper drive lever 9 for heating the windshield, which blocks or opens the way for air through the air duct 8 to the glass.
To supply air directly to the passengers, as well as to blow the side windows of the car, the heater has left and right side nozzles 13 (see fig. 156) and two central nozzles 15. A damper 2 is installed in the body of each nozzle (pic. 160) with polyurethane foam seals. By changing the position of the damper with lever 5, the intensity of ventilation is regulated. The direction of the air flow is changed by the lever 6, which allows you to turn the nozzle with guides 8, as well as the blades 9 to the desired position.
Pic. 160. Central nozzles:
1 - pusher of the nozzle blades; 2 - shutter of the left nozzle; 3 - body; 4 - nozzle axis; 5 - damper drive lever; 6 - blade handle; 7 - blade axis; 8 - guide blades; 9 - nozzle blades.
Ventilation and heating are regulated depending on the outside temperature. In warm weather, outside air can enter the passenger compartment in the following ways: through the windows of the front doors with the windows fully or partially lowered; into the upper slots of the air duct 8 (see fig. 159) windshield heating; into the side and central nozzles with open shutters 11; into the windows 20 and the air duct 21 of the internal ventilation. If the car is moving at a low speed, you can increase the amount of incoming air by turning on the heater electric fan in one of the modes.
To protect the windshield and door glass from fogging, cold air is directed to them. To increase the amount of air supplied to the glass, close the shutters 11 of the central and side nozzles. If it is necessary to heat the incoming air, open the valve 4 of the heater and the damper 1 of the heater control by moving the handle 15 to the right. If necessary, turn on the electric fan.
At an outside air temperature of minus 20°C, the heater provides an average temperature in the cabin in the maximum heating mode of +20°C, and in the leg area of +25°C.
Cars have exhaust ventilation that sucks air from the passenger compartment. On VAZ-2108 vehicles and its modifications, air is sucked into the gaps under the roof upholstery (mostly from the rear), enters the internal cavities of the central pillars, then through the rubber air ducts in the pillars and holes in the rear edges of the facings goes out. Suction is carried out due to the rarefaction that occurs when the car is moving at the rear edges of the central pillars of the body.
On VAZ-2-109 and 21093 vehicles, exhaust ventilation is made in the rear parts of the body openings for sidewall windows. Ventilation is also carried out due to the rarefaction that occurs at the deflectors when the car is moving. The air is sucked out from the rear part of the passenger compartment under the lining of the deflectors, squeezes out the rubber valves and exits through the openings of the deflectors. Rubber flaps prevent outside air from entering the cabin in crosswinds.